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Remarss on the environs of Carthage Bridge. 253 
The upper strata are limestone, and are here inaccessi- 
ble, but can be better investigated at the second falls. A 
brown, compact conchoidal lime is the first; the next is 
brown, rather erystaline, and full of shells of a pearly lustre ; 
a third is bluish and contains fewer shells. Broader layers 
succeed, having black flint nodules imbedded. 
The order of the whole succession of strata is as follows: 
ns Layers of Limestone. 
—— Limestone and bluish Shale alternating in this stratum. 
es 
Ferruginous Sandstone. 
Greyish blue Shale, as at the falls of Niagara—very dusky. 
A white Clay—giving not the minutest effervescence in 
acids. 
Dark red Sandstone ; bighly ferrnginous—in many parts 
having globules of black metallic lustre. 
; As No. 10, but of lighter colour. 
As No, 10. 
Do. but stratified thus. 
Bright red ferruginous Sandstone, with yellow spots, and 
circlets on the fracture surfaces. It isa Compac 
Nos. 7, and 8, have each one line of division. 
— 
Shale alternately grey and red. 
The surface of some of the sandstones, as No. 10, is im- 
pressed with the figure of confused bunches of twigs or 
ranches, having transverse ribs at regular distances, like 
e€ bamboo cane. No. 6, contains a few pebbles, and ma- 
ny elongated univalve shells. Among the debris of this 
chasm, a ferruginous puddingstone of quartz pebbles occurs, 
but I could not find it in position. 
The banks of this river are highest at Carthage bridge. 
From their gradual subsidence towards the lake ; and from 
their higher parts being covered with soil, little limestone is 
seen below ; while above the first fall, (excepting the low- 
€st stratum,) no other is met with—but the successive bluffs 
Which it forms are so shivered and moulded that their strati- 
Vou. I1.....No. 2. 33 
