46 SILVA OF NORTH AMERICA. JUGLANDACEA:, 
tributed from southern Dakota and central North Carolina to northern Georgia and through western 
North Carolina to eastern Tennessee and central Alabama. Very abundant im all this region, it is 
easily recognized by its slender branchlets and small buds, and in the autumn by the peculiar brown 
color which the leaves assume several weeks before falling and which makes it easy to distinguish this 
tree from a distance. 
The wood is hard, strong, very tough, and light reddish brown, with thin nearly white sapwood. 
Probably long confounded with Hicoria ovata, the Shellbark Hickory of the north, which in the 
southern Appalachian foothill region grows usually only on bottom-lands, the characters of Hicoria 
Caroline-septentrionalis were first pointed out by Mr. W. W. Ashe.’ 
1 Two trees of this species were cut near Rome, Georgia, by Mr. growth ; the other was twenty and one quarter inches in diameter 
C. L. Boynton for the Jesup Collection of North American Woods inside the bark and one hundred and ninety-four years old, with 
in the American Museum of Natural History, New York, in the sapwood which was two and seven eighths inches in thickness and 
autumn of 1898 ; one was fourteen inches in diameter inside the composed of sixty-eight layers of annual growth. : 
bark and one hundred and forty-six years old, with sapwood which 2 See xiii. 149. 
was three inches thick and composed of thirty-one layers of annual 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE. 
Puatz DCCXX. HicorraA CARoLIN#-SEPTENTRIONALIS. 
1. A flowering branch, natural size. 
. A staminate flower, side view, enlarged. 
. A staminate flower seen from below, enlarged. 
. A pistillate flower, enlarged. 
. A fruiting branch, natural size. 
. A nut, natural size. 
A nut, natural size. 
OADM PE ww 
A winter branchlet, natural size. 
