4 
92 New Fire Apparatus for Heat and Light. 
It is presumed the steam was decomposed, and carburetted 
hydrogen and carbonic oxide, or carbunic acid, produced as 
the steam passed, very near the hot bottom of the vessel. 
Another apparatus was constructed, consisting of two vessels, 
one within the other, having a cover common to both; 
inner one to contain far, (as a more convenient substance than 
rosin ;) the outer vessel to contain water, which surrounds 
the other, and Jies under its bottom; or, in other words, a 
vessel of tar set into a vessel of boiling water. The boiler 
has a lining of sheet copper, or tin, to promote the ebullition. 
he tar vessel being riveted to the cover, holes are made 
through its sides, near to the cover, to allow the steam to pass 
in, and act on its surface. The cover being secured on, a safe-_ 
ty valve is provided for the steam vessel; and two cocks, one 
over the tar, the other over the water, are fixed contiguously + 
the first has a tube, or is elongated to reach nearly to the bot- 
tom of the tar, which ascends, and is driven out by the pres- 
sure of the steam on its surface. Both cocks conduct toa 
pipe, wherein is placed a large wire, or metallic rod, which 
about fills the tube, and is perforated obliquely, or zig-zag, to 
increase the length of the passage, and to mingle the tar and 
steam more intimately. The gases, or vapours, issue “from a 
small orifice at the end of the pipe; and, being ignited by a 
little fire, into which it is directed, an intense and voluminous 
blaze is produced, and continues as long as the materials 
remain unexhausted. <A hot brick, instead of the fire, an 
the same purpose. 
This apparatus contained but about one quart of tar, (wich 
must always be nicely strained,) and it lasted one and an} 
hour, and the flame was sufficient to fill a common fireplace, if 
not allowed to escape, by its violence, up the chimney: Its 
force will be according to the elasticity of the steam. I regret 
being unable, since, to make more exact and varied expe 
rimenis) to demonstrate the economy of this fuel. This point, — 
however, and the chemical facts, will be the subject of a future 
communication. And probably a form of a stove may be de- 
vised, wherein it may be used for the purposes of warmth, light, 
and cocking; and another apparatus to light streets. 
a ” eat 
She 
