err ees 
by E, Cornelius. 217 
found by digging away the earth on the sides of the road, and 
appears to haye been the trunk of a considerable tree. It is 
firmly fixed in the ground, and penetrates it obliquely; how 
far has not yet been ascertained. At the time I saw it about two 
feet had been exposed.. The diameter is about eight inches. 
Its color is white, sometimes resembling that of wood. The 
fibres are well preserved, and so is the general structure. It is 
mach to be desired, that some one would clear it from its bed, 
and give it entire to one of our mineralogical cabinets. 
Geological Features, 
Next to the alluvial and secondary Formations, a3. you paw 
tothe west and northwest, are to be found ranges o Te 
and schistose, and other primitive rocks ; taterapareed with 
these may be seen sandstone, clayslate, quartz, and limestone. 
Granite ranges were seen particularly in the neighborhood 
of Fredericksburgh, crossing the Rappahannock ; and in Or- 
ange and Albemarle counties, extending nearly to the Blue 
idge. Great quantities of quartz and quartz rock, sometimes 
covering with their fragments the sides of hills, are frequent. 
ler and more interesting rock in the same connexion, is 
found in Albermarle County. For some time I doubted to what | 
class to refer it; but from its resemblance to the rocks of the 
east and west mountains near New-Haven, | ventured to call 
it trap or greenstone. It becomes more. abundant as you ap- 
Proach the Blue Ridge, and the granite disappears. On the 
Sides and summit of the mountain, its appearance is more de- 
cidedly that of greenstone. In crossing the southwest moun- 
tain, the range to which Monticello belongs, and distant from 
the Blue Ridge about 25 miles, I observed the same rock. 
Whether this opinion is just, you will be able to decide from the 
*pecimens which have been forwarded. 
Blue Ridge. 
thave repeatedly named the Blue Ridge. It is the frét-af 
those aogte and — — of mountains, called the Alle- 
Vv 
Theale 
- 
