OXEN. 235 



and those in the front of the latter ; the lower canine tooth 

 being placed alongside the three incisors, which it closely 

 resembles in the broad, spatulate form of its crown. In the 

 present family there is no canine tooth in the upper jaw of the 

 adult. 



Although the Bovidce form a very extensive family, and one on 

 which man chiefly depends for his food-supply, there is but a 

 single representative entitled to be mentioned in the present 

 work. 



THE OXEN. GENUS BOS. 

 Bos, Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i. p. 98 (1766). 



Large, heavily-built "bovine" Ruminants, with horns gene- 

 rally present in both sexes ; broad naked muzzles ; long and 

 cylindrical tails, usually terminating in a tuft ; tall-crowned and 

 complex cheek-teeth ; and the males usually furnished with a 

 large dewlap. The large horns are placed far apart from one 

 another on or near the summit of the skull, and, although either 

 rounded or angulated, are more or less smooth, and diverge to a 

 greater or less extent outwards, with an upward curve at the tips. 



Although the Bison and Buffaloes were separated as distinct 

 genera, the whole of the Oxen are now included in the present 

 genus. 



PARK- CATTLE, OR AUROCHS. BOS TAURUS. 



Bos taurus, Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. 12, vol. i. p. 98 (1766); 



Bell, British Quadrupeds, 2nd ed. p. 368 (1874), 

 Urus scoticus, H. Smith, in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. 



p. 411 (1827). 

 Bos primigenius, Bojanus, Nova Acta Ac. Cses. Leop.-Car. 



vol. xiii. p. 422 (1827). 

 Bos scoticus,^\N3:msou, Nat. Hist. Quadrupeds, p. 285 (1835). 

 Bos longifrofis^ Owen, Brit. Foss. Mamm. p. 508 {1846). 

 {^Plate XXIX.) 



