EXTINCT ^lAMMALS. 



The following species have been identified from remams 

 in limestone caverns in Denbigh and Flint : — Dog, Fox, Wolf, 

 Brown Bear, Grizzly Bear, Cave Bear, Badger, Ghitton, *Lynx, 

 Spotted Hyena, Cave Lion, Wild Cat, *Marten, Rabbit, Hare, 

 Mammoth, Rhinoceros, Hippopotamus, Horse, Wild Boar, Red 

 Doer, Roe Deer, Reindeer, " Irish Elk," Goat, European Bison, 

 Bos 'primigenius, and Bos longifrons. *The Lynx and Marten 

 have been found only in a cave near Prestatyn known as the 

 Gop, explored recently by Mr. J. H. Morris. No actual remains 

 of the Beaver have been found in North Wales, though it is 

 said traditionally to have existed here up to the sixth century. 



Mammoth. — Pennant, in liis History of Quadrupeds, 1793, 

 p. 172, writes of the Elephant :— " Some years ago two great 

 giinding teeth, and part of the tusks of an Elephant, were 

 given me by some miners who discovered them at the depth 

 of forty-two yards in a lead mine in Flintshire ; one" of the 

 strata above them was lime-stone, about eight yards thick ; 

 the teeth were found in a bed of gravel in the mine ; the grinders 

 were almost as perfect as if just taken from the animal ; the 

 tusk much decayed, soft, and exfoliating. A Stag's horn was 

 found with them," It seems most probable that these remains 

 were those of a Mammoth, and had fallen into a limestone 

 fissure or cavity which had subsequently become filled with 

 glacial gravel. A Mammoth tusk was dug up near Portmadoo 

 when the railway was being made. 



Cefn Caves. — On p. 313, Records of the Rocks, Rev. W, 

 S. Symonds gives an account of the Cefn Caves, which he says 

 were an old coastline, as they bear evident signs of wave 

 action, and in some of the highest pot-holes contained marl 

 and detritus with fragments of marine shells and corallines. 

 He adds that " the cave earth which once nearly filled the caves 

 was so full of animal remains that it was carted away for manure, 

 a few only of the relics of Bears, Hyenas, and Hippopotami 

 being preserved by Dr. Falconer and Mrs. WiUiams Wynn, 

 the oAvner of the caves. Dr. Falconer also found sea-shells 

 beloAv the remains of the cave animals." 



Vaynol Cattle. — Mr. J. Whitaker informs me that the 

 Vaynol Cattle are not pure bred, but that Sir John Orde put 



