54 



ERINACEID^— ERINACEUS 



In the lower jaw the central incisors, which in shape and size 

 resemble those of the upper, are directed nearly horizontally forwards. 

 There follow three small teeth, obliquely cusped, the second of which is 

 the canine, the third a premolar. Following these, but separated 

 by an interval, is another premolar, a prominent but narrow tooth 



§s^^>tk:tc^ 



Fig. 22. — Side View (diagrammatic and magnified ih times) OF Teeth OF 



Erinaceus europceus. 



of height equal or superior to that of the molars ; it carries externally 

 two principal cusps and an inner rudimentary one. To it succeed 

 the three molars ; the first, the largest of all the lower teeth, has five 

 well-marked cusps ; the second is smaller, with four sharp cusps and 

 an anterior rudimentary one ; the third is smallest, with one pointed 

 inner posterior cusp, and two rudimentary. 



Individual colour variation runs mainly in the direction of albinism, 

 of which, partial or complete, a number of instances are on record ^ (see 

 '^T^\c&x, Zoologist, 1858,6058; Bainbridge, Field, 13th April 1861, 313; 

 Harding, Zoologist, 1879, 172; Maud Stevenson, Field, 29th September 

 1888, 476 ; Evans, Journ. cit., 6th October 1888, 509 ; Allenby,y(7^/r«. aV., 

 9th November 1889, 66"], and 19th April 1890, 587; Hardbottle, 

 Zoologist, 1895, 346-347, and Field, 7th September, 1895, 439; W. J. 

 Clarke, Zoologist, 1903, 387; Reid, Field, 19th December 1908, 1103; 

 and many others). Details are, as usual in such cases, seldom given, 

 but in one instance the sex is said to have been female (Prior, -Zoologist, 

 1879, 172); in another, a mother and at least one of her young were 

 albinos (exhibition by Earl of Haddington, Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. 

 (Glasgow), iv., 37, 1 878- 1 880). A true albino recorded by Chapman 

 {Field, 15th August 1903, 327) is stated to have been little more than 

 half grown, but I suspect that some of the juvenile albinos recorded 

 were merely very young ones in which the pigmentation of the spines 

 had not yet made its appearance. A family of milk-white hedgehogs 



* Millais has seen about twenty specimens. 



