THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 57 



The Pennsylvania Soldier beetle (Chauliognatlms pennsylvani- 

 cics, DeGeer). — This beetle which is represented at Figure 19, i is of a 



yellow color, marked with black. 

 It is a common species and I have 

 found it quite abundant in our own 

 State on the flowers of the Golden- 

 rod during the months of September 

 and October. Its larva (Fig. 7, a) is 

 one of the most effectual destroyers 

 of the Curculio while the latter is above ground in the larva state. It 

 attacks the Curculio grub within the fruit while it yet hangs on the 

 tree, and also enters the fruit which falls to the ground, for the same 

 purpose. In the summer of 1867 I found this same larva on an apple 

 tree of the Early Harvest variety, the fruit of which contained Cur- 

 culio larva3 from which I subsequently bred perfect Curculios. It is 

 quite active in its movements, and the general color is smoky brown, 

 with a velvety appearance, and for the benefit of those interested I 

 subjoin the technical desription of it: 



Chattliognathus pennsylvanicus, DeGeer — Larva — Head shining rufous, with two black 

 patches behind, transversely arranged ; labrum retractile, dark colored, horny and deeply emargi- 

 nate with a central tooth ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed; labial palpi 2-jointed ; antenna 3-jointed, the 

 last joint very small ; body rather flattened, of an opaque velvety-brown color above, with a sofcie- 

 what darker subdorsal line, which is widened on the three thoracic segments; a very distinct lateral 

 6piracle to every segment of the body except the anal one, making altogether eleven pairs of spir- 

 acles, all of them exactly alike, and in range with each other. Body beneath suddenly very pale 

 brown, the dividing line between the darker and the paler shades of brown upon each segment be- 

 ing a semicircular curve, with its concavity upward ; legs six ; a moderate anal proleg ; length 

 0.65 inch. 



Lacewing larva. — The larvae of our lacewing flies ( Chrysopa) seem 

 t Fi s- 20 -l to have the same habit of at- 



tacking Curculio grubs above 

 ground, and great numbers 



of them were found in the act 



O y /lr^^^^^^^ ^ as ^ summer by Mr- E. Item- 

 ing, of Cobden, Illinois. The 

 particular species which those 

 belonged to that were occupied in this good manner, has not yet been 

 ascertained, but as they are all known to be cannibals it is possible 

 that more than one species have this praiseworthy habit, though their 

 general food consists of plant-lice. The lacewing flies are common 

 all over the country, and may at once be recognized by their delicate 

 green bodies, lace-like wings and by their brilliant golden eyes; but 

 more especially by a peculiarly disagreeable odor which they are ca- 

 pable of emitting when handled. Our American lacewings, like those 

 of Europe, are capable of emitting this odor, and those who have 

 once experienced it require no description to recall it. One of these 



•^Explanation of Figure 19— h the left upper jaw {mandible), f the left lower jaw (maxil), c 

 the under lip (labium), d the upper lip (labium), g the antenna, e one of the legs, a the larva nat- 

 ural size, b head and first segment of same enlarged. 



