THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



63 



the burrowings and channel of exit to the left; 5, the point at which 

 the egg was laid and at which the young worm entered ; e, the full 



[Fig. 24] 



grown worm; A, its head and first segment magnified; i, the cocoon 

 which it spins ; d, the chrysalis to which it changes ; /, the moth which 

 escapes from the chrysalis, as it appears when at rest; g, the same 

 with wings expanded. The worm when young is whitish, with usually 

 an entirely black head and a black shield on the top of the first seg- 

 ment. When full grown it acquires a flesh-colored or pinkish tint 

 especially on the back, and the head and top of first segment become 

 more brown, being usually marked as at Figure 24 h. It is sparsely 

 covered with very minute hairs which take their rise from minute ele- 

 vated points, of which there are eight on each segment. The cocoon 

 is invariably of a pure white color on the inside, but is disguised on 

 the outside by being covered with minute fragments of whatever 

 substance the worm happens to spin to. The chrysalis is yellowish 

 brown, with rows of minute teeth on its back, by the aid of which it 

 is enabled to partly push itself out of its cocoon, when its time to 

 issue as a moth arrives. The moth is a most beautiful object ; yet, as 

 has been well remarked by an anonymous writer,* from its habits not 

 being known it is seldom seen in this state, and the apple-grower as 

 a rule, "knows no more than the man in the moon to what cause he 

 is indebted for the basketfuls of worm-eaten windfalls in the stillest 

 weather." Its fore wings are marked with alternate, irregular trans- 

 verse wavy streaks of ash-gray and brown, and have on the inner hind 

 angle a large tawny brown spot, with streaks of bright bronze color or 

 gold. 



The apple is, so to speak, our democratic fruit, and while stone 

 fruit is grown but in certain regions, this is cultivated all over the 

 country. The Codling moth is then even more injurious than the Cur- 

 culio. Unlike the Curculio, it is mostly two-brooded, the second 

 brood of worms hybernating in the larval state, inclosed in their snug 



* Entomological Magazine, London, Vol. I, p. 144. 



