THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST. 141 



ally the hollow shell mixed with cob-web-like silk shrivels up and 

 hangs on to the bushes. During the latter part of June the worms 

 descend from the shrub and spin for themselves brown cocoons (Fig. 

 79, a) in the leaves and rubbish on the ground. Here they change to 

 brown chrysalids and remain in this state through the winter and 

 come forth in the spring as moths. Thus there is but one brood of this 

 insect each year, and yet by the middle of July there is never a worm 

 to be found, and the chrysalis consequently remains quiescent alike 

 through the hottest summer and the coldest winter weather. As the 

 worms which I procured are still in the chrysalis state, ] should have 

 been unable to present the complete history of this pest, in this my 

 first report, had it not been for the kindness of Mr. William Saunders 

 of London, Canada, whom I met in Chicago, at the meeting of the 

 " American Association for the Advancement of Science," and who 

 very fortunately had with him specimens of the moth which he had 

 bred from gooseberry-feeding worms, found in Canada, the descrip- 

 tion of which answered exactly to those of mine. But to make doubly 

 sure that the insect which Mr. Saunders bred, is the same species as 

 ours, I purposely forced one of my chrysalids. On the 25th of Jan- 

 uary, 1869, the markings of the wings showed through the chysalis 

 skin, which was loose and brittle. These signs indicated that the 

 forthcoming moth was in an advanced state of development, and on 

 carefully taking away the chrysalis skin, it lay before me with noth- 

 ing lacking to bring it to perfection but the inflating of the wings. 

 Their markings were however perfect and distinct and agreed entirely 

 with the Canadian specimen. 



This moth is represented at Figure 79, b and still more faithfully 

 at Plate 2, Figure 17, its general color being pale gray. It belongs to 

 the genus Pempelia, and from advance sheets of Dr.' Packard's 

 " Guide" I learn that he has named it P. grossularice, and it may be 

 known in English as the Gooseberry Pempelia. 



Eemedies. — Care should be taken to gather and destroy the worms 

 while they are yet in the fruit, as they are afterwards found in the 

 chrysalis state with great difficulty. If chickens are allowed to run 

 amongst the bushes after the fruit has gone, they will materially as- 

 sist in checking it by devouring such chrysalids as are within their 

 reach. 



Pempelia grossulart.e, Packard— Larva— Average length 0.05; thickest in the middle of 

 hod}', tapering thence slightly each way. Color g-lass-green, partly translucent, shiny, and with 

 a roseate hue on the upper surface. Head of a light gamboge-yellow, with tawny lips. Cervical 

 shield not very prominent and of the same color. No other markings whatever. A few very fine 

 white hairs, especially near the head and tail. 16 legs, the thoracic ones the same color as head, 

 the others green. 



Described from 10 specimens. 



Chrysalis — Length 0.3S. Of the normal form, and dull mahogany -brown color. The spiracles 

 appearing like small tubercles and the extremity furnished with several stiff rufous curled bristles. 



Perfect insect.— Length, including palpi, 0.40 ; alar expanse, 0.80. Color pale-gray. Front 

 wings with a dark transverse diffuse band on the inner third, enclosing a zig-zag white line not 

 reaching the costa. A dark discal spot, constricted in the middle, the upper and lower edges ceo- 



