10 SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OP 



other side of the Atlantic. The Hessian Fly* was imported almost 

 ninety years ago; the Wheat Midge about half as long ago ; the Bee 

 Moth at the beginning of the present century; the Codling Moth, the 

 Cabbage Tinea, the Borer of the Ked Currant, the Oyster-shell Bark- 

 louse, the Grain Plant-louse, the Cabbage Plant-louse, the Currant 

 Plant-louse, the Apple-tree Plant-louse, the Pear-tree Flea-louse, the 

 Cheese-maggot, the common Meal-worm, the Grain Weevil, the House 

 Fly, the Leaf-beetle of the Elm, the Cockroach, the Croton Bug, and 

 the different Carpet, Clothes and Fur Moths, at periods which cannot 

 be definitely fixed. Even within the last few years the Asparagus- 

 beetle has become naturalized in New York and New Jersey, whence 

 it will no doubt spread gradually westward through the whole United 

 States, while the Rape Butterfly was introduced about a dozen 

 years ago, and is rapidly spreading over some of the Eastern States. 

 And only a year ago the larva of a certain Owlet-moth {Hypogymna 

 dispar), which is a great pest in Europe, both to fruit-trees and 

 forest-trees, was accidentally introduced by a Massachusetts entomo- 

 logist into New England, where it is spreading with great rapidity. 

 It is j ust the same thing with Plants as with Insects. We have looked 

 carefully through Gray's Manual of Botany, and we find that — ex- 

 cluding from consideration all cryptogams, and all doubtful cases, 

 and all cases where the same plant is supposed to be indigenous on 

 both sides of the Atlantic — no less than two hundred and thirty- 

 three distinct species of plants have been imported among us from 

 the Old World, all of which have now run wild here, and many of 

 which are the worst and most pernicious weeds that we have to con- 

 tend against. In the United States Agricultural Report for 1865 

 (pp. 510-519) will be found a list of ninety-nine of the principal 

 "Weeds of American Agriculture," by the late Dr. Wm. Darlington. 

 Of this whole number no less than forty-three, or nearly one-halt, are 

 species that have been introduced among us from the Old World. 

 Among these we may enumerate here, as the best known and the 

 most pernicious, Butter-cups (two species), Shepherd's Purse, St. 

 John's Wort, Cow-cockle, May- weed or Dog-fennel, Ox-eye Daisy, 

 Common Thistle, Canada Thistle, Burdock, Plantain, Mullein, Toad- 

 flax, Bind-weed, Jamestown (Jimson) weed, Lamb's Quarter, Smart- 

 weed, Field Garlic, Fox-tail Grass and the notorious Cheat or Chess. 

 And to these we may add the common Purslane, which, through some 

 strange oversight, has been omitted in Dr. Darlington's catalogue. 



It will be supposed, perhaps, since there are about as many voy- 

 ages made from America to Europe as from Europe to America, that 

 we have fully reciprocated to our transatlantic brethren the favors 



*For the sake of the scientific reader, we subjoin here, in their regular order, the scientific 

 nftmas of the Insects catalogued by their English names in the text of this paragraph : Cecido- 

 myia destructor, Diplosis tritici, Galleria certa.ua, Carpocapsa pomonella, Plutella cruciferarum, 

 &geria tipuliformis, Aspidiotui conchiformis, Aphis avence, A. brassicte, A. ribis, A. mali, Psylla 

 pyri, Piopkila casei, Tenebrio molitor, Sitophilm granarius, Musca domestica, Galeruca calmarien- 

 $is, Blatta orientalis, Ectobia germanica, Tinea, tapetzella, vestianella, pellionella, ire.; Crioceris 

 atparagi, Pieris rapes and Hypogymna dispar. 



