SQUIRRELS 57 
a par—the explanation of which will be considered 
later. 
A question of much interest to the naturalist and 
psychologist, it seems to me, is the following, viz. to 
what extent the intelligence of animals that hibernate 
has been modified by this process,and in what directions? 
With regard to hibernation, so far as the squirrels are 
concerned, there seems to be great dearth of accurate 
observations—in fact, the same remark applies to the 
whole subject of hibernation, one of the most interesting 
in the whole realm of physiology. A number of obser- 
vations are to be found scattered through the literature, 
but they are fatally lacking, in most cases, in precision 
of observation and accurate record of dates. From a 
short but valuable paper on the “ American Chipmunk,” 
in the Popular Science Monthly (vol. vii.), by Dr C. 
Abbott, we are led to believe that the Ground Squirrel 
spends some time in his burrow before hibernation 
begins, and that the food laid up is consumed in part 
before the winter torpor sets in, and more especially in 
spring before a fresh supply is obtainable in the usual 
way. Concerning the winter habits of other species, 
Ihave been able to learn nothing from any quarter 
that definitely settles the question as to whether they 
hibernate or not. Audubon and Bachmann (Joc. cit.) 
state that as much as one bushel and a half of nuts 
has been found in a single hollow tree occupied by 
a Chickaree, or Red Squirrel. They also state that this 
species may have several hoards. From different 
remarks dropped by these writers, from what I have 
myself observed, and from the statements of Dr Bell in 
the valuable notes appended to this paper, I am inclined 
to the belief that the Red Squirrel, and some other 
species, do not regularly hibernate the whole winter 
through; but whether they hibernate at all, in the 
true sense of that term; whether they have short 
