124 ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE 
The ear-flaps have, for a eouple of days, been turned 
forward instead of backward as at birth, but tests for 
hearing give but uncertain indications as yet. 
By touching, in a certain way, either the outside of 
the flap of the ear, or its inside and adjacent parts, the 
scratching reflex is excited on the same side. Occasion- 
ally the puppy attempts to get rid of the irritation by 
the use of the foreleg of the same side. 
Upon suddenly seizing one of them it growls. 
The winking reflex is more readily obtained, and the 
latent period is shorter. 
While the puppies may have some vague notion of 
the existence of objects by their eyes, no clear evidence 
of being able to see objects in the proper sense of the 
term is to be obtained, notwithstanding many attempts. 
For the first time they lick the finger without any 
attempt to suck when it is presented to them. 
They swallow, but not very well, a little fluid placed 
in the mouth, though they retch when the handle of 
a spoon is placed far back in the pharynx; this is 
neither very pronounced nor very sudden. Upon 
putting the finger to the front of the mouth, the foreleg 
is used to remove it without any attempt at sucking. 
(Will or reflex ?) 
Up to this date exhaustion, under any stimulus, is 
a marked feature to which reference will be made 
subsequently. 
It is again noticed that all reflexes are more per- 
fectly carried out, and the latent period shortening. 
When the dam was nursing the puppies one of 
them was put behind her. It felt about for a short 
time, and then got round to the front and soon reached 
a teat. Another did the same, though not so 
quickly. 
Individual differences are now more evident. 
Certain important points were settled on the evening 
