THE PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG ANIMALS 165 
being satisfied paws again just where there is a slight 
elevation in the floor, is there reasoning ? 
When on nearly every occasion on seeing me, the 
puppy that had been trodden on retired with his tail 
down, and an appearance of dejection, did he reason 
that I might be again the cause of some unpleasant 
feelings to him ? 
Two evenings since, the weather being intensely hot, 
the dam of these puppies was allowed to sleep on a 
veranda (more airy) of the house instead of in the 
kennel. She had not been on this veranda since last 
summer. At a late hour I opened the door leading 
from the veranda into the yard, and invited her to 
come out. She declined to do so, which at first 
surprised me. The dog did not wish to be removed to 
the kennel, and this was borne out by the fact that on 
the following evening, as she lay on the same veranda, 
opening the door leading to the yard, and at the same 
time that of the kitchen, she immediately got up and 
walked into the kitchen. In the latter she had 
received many a tit-bit. Wherein does the behaviour 
of this St Bernard bitch differ from that of a child of, 
say, five years of age who, when amid his play, is called 
by his mother, but silently protesting turns quickly 
away? Does he, before turning, formulate any 
sentences? He can do so, to be sure, but does he— 
must he? Is not the process, or series of processes, in 
his mind closely akin to those in the mind of my 
St Bernard ? 
Is the behaviour of the puppy that turns away when 
he sees me different from, or akin to, that of its dam, in 
the circumstances already detailed ? 
In the case of pawing away the sawdust there seems 
to be the recognition of a cause, yet it is possible to 
separate this mental process wholly from the restless 
moving about of an animal that does not find its bed 
