336 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



those of the extinct genus Cnemiornis Owen [Salvador! Cat. B. 

 27:81 ; Lydekker Cat. Foss. B. 1891. p. 99] , as C . c a 1 c i t r a n s 

 Owen [Lydekker, p. 99], C. sp.'i* [Lydekker, p. 102], C.g r a c i 1 i s 

 H. O. Forbes [N. Z. Inst. Trans. 1892. 24:187], and C. minor 

 H. O. Forbes [/or. c//.] all from the Pleistocene of New Zealand. 

 Centornis Andrews, also a fossil genus of the Cercopsinae, is rep- 

 resented in the same horizon of Madagascar, by C. m a j o r i 

 [Andrews, Ibis. 1897. p. 343]. Fossil remains of geese of the 

 genus Anser have also been found in the Pliocene of France ( A . 

 anatoides) Deperet, [C. R. 1892. 114:690] and in the Pleis- 

 tocene of England [Lydekker], the Upper Miocene of Switzerland 

 (A. oeningensis) [Meyer], the Lower Miocene of France 

 [Lydekker], and the Pleistocene of Belgium (A. scaldii) 

 [Van Beneden]. 



Chenornis graculoides Portis occurs in the Middle 

 Miocene of Italy, and many other fossil ducks in the same geologi- 

 cal horizons as those already mentioned in Queensland ( D e n - 

 drocygna validipennis) [De Vis], those of the genus 

 Alopochen in Brazil, Patagonia and Madagascar, and many of the 

 genus Anas in various parts of Europe, as Bavaria, Switzerland, 

 Italy, France, and Belgium, also in New Zealand and in Mauritius 

 and Queensland. These have been described principally by Winge, 

 by Moreno and his colleague, Van Beneden, Fraas, Portis, Count 

 Salvador!, Milne-Edwards, Sharpe, E. Newton, De Vis, and Gadow. 

 In the same countries fossil Marila [M. robust a, De Vis, 

 Pleistocene of Queensland], and Fuligula (Italy and France) have 

 been discovered and described. It is also a well known fact now 

 that the Pied duck (Camptorhynchos labradorius) has, 

 in comparatively recent times, become extinct in this country, while 

 other species of the Anatidae are very likely to share the same fate. 

 In the Pleistocene of New Zealand there has also been discovered 

 B i z i u r a la u t o u r i Forbes [N. Z. Inst. Trans. 1892. 24:188]. 



Passing to the Merginae, so far as- 1 am at present aware, there 

 seem to have been no fossil species of any of the genera Mergus, 

 Mergellus. or Lophodytes thus far discovered, that is species not 

 now represented by existing forms, for I found fossil Lopho- 

 dytes cue u Hat us in the Equus beds of Oregon in the Silver 

 Lake region. 



From the Miocene of Patagonia, however, the following fossil 

 anserine genera and species have come to light, namely Eoneorius 

 (E . a u s t r a 1 i s) [Amcgh. Bol. Inst. Geog. Argent. 1895. 

 15:95]; Eutelornis (E. patagonicus) [Amegh. loc. cit. 

 p. 96] ; and Lorornis ( L . c H v u s ) [Amegh. loc. cit. p. 97] . 



