144 PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
The remaining species of this type, melanops, simulans, and jlavidus, 
differ in the absence of any distinet spinés on the cranium, as well as in 
color, form, and other peculiarities. J/elanops has the preocular ridge 
considerably developed, and occasionally ending in a spine. - The others 
have this ridge obsolete. The mouth in simulans and flavidus is consid- 
erably larger than in the other species. In melanops and simulans the 
fins are slaty black, like the body. In jlavidus they are olivaceous, the 
caudal being distinctly brownish yellow (hence the popular name of 
Yellow-tail). The peritoneum in jlavidus is pure white, in melanops 
somewhat dusky. 
Sebastichthys rhodochloris sp. noy. 
Allied to S. resaceus (Girard). 
Body oblong, more elongate than in rosaceus, the back less elevated, 
the profile less steep. Mouth comparatively large, but rather smaller 
than in rosaceus, the maxillary not reaching beyond posterior border of 
pupil. Jaws about equal in the closed mouth, the lower with a small 
symphyseal prominence. Preorbital narrow, with two bluntish projee- 
tions. Eye very large, longer than the long snout, 34 in head. 
Spinous ridges on top of head very high, slender, and sharp, more 
elevated than in rosaceus, chlorostictus, and constellatus, and sharper. 
Nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, and occipital spines 
present, as in most of the red species. Supraocular ridge long and prom- 
inent. Postocular and tympanic spines close behind it, sharp and 
large. Interorbital space very narrow, its width even posteriorly less 
than length of supraocular spine (in rosaceus considerably more). Inter- 
orbital space with two longitudinal ridges, sharp and conspicuous, not 
covered by the scales, the very narrow interspace between them strongly 
concave, the spinous ridges strongly divergent behind. 
Preopercular spines sharp, directed backward, the three upper long 
and pointed, more developed than in rosaceus, less radiating than in 
chlorostictus. Two sharp suprascapular spines. Opercular spines short 
and sharp. 
Gill-rakers about as in rosaceus and chlorostictus, moderately long and 
slender, much shorter than in cvalis or pinniger, but longer than in 
nebulosus and ruber, the longest gill-raker about one-fourth the diame- 
ter of the eye. 
Dorsal fin still lower than in rosaceus, the membranes little emargin- 
ate, the longest spine about 23 in head (in rosaceus 24). Emargination 
of dorsal moderate. Soft rays low, the highest about equal to the 
highest spine. Caudal fin slightly emarginate. 
Second anal spine proportionately longer than in any other of our 
species, very strong, curyed, its length about equal to that of the max- 
illary or the base of the soft dorsal, or about half the length of the 
head. It is higher than the soft rays of the anal. Pectoral fins reach- 
ing past tips of the ventrals nearly to the anal. 
D. XI, 14; A. Ii, 6. 
