LINGUISTIC AREAS IN EUROPE DOMINIAN. 



421 



ruptions its union with the Danish Crown has been continuous to the 

 time of the Prussian conquest. In 18^8 both Schleswig and Holstein 

 were disturbed by a wave of political agitation, which expressed itself 

 in demands for the joint incorporation of both States in the German 

 Confederation. The extent to which the mass of the Danish inhab- 



Cities with 



I over 50% Danish 



125-50% » 



5-25% " 



J0 5-25%Frisian 



>;Oover95%Sertnaii 



55''30' P'E 



Fig. 3.— Sketch map of Schleswig-Holstein showing languages spoken. According to the German view- 

 point. Scale, 1:1,200,000. (Based on maps on pp. 59 and 60,^Vndree's Handatlas, Gth ed.) 



itants of the Duchies took part in this movement is open to historical 

 controversy. Holstein was an ancient fief of the old Germano-Eoman 

 Empire. Its population has always been largely German. But the 

 Duchy of Schleswig is peopled mainly by Danes. By the terms ^ of the 

 Treaty of Prague, of August 23, 18G6, both Austria and Prussia had 



1 [Translation] : Art. V. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria transfers to His Majesty 

 the King of Prussia all the rights which he actiuired by the Vienna Treaty of Peace of 

 30th October, 1864, over the Duchies of Holstein and Schleswig, with the condition that 

 the populations of the Northern Districts of Schleswig shall be ceded to Denmark if, by 

 a free vote, they express a wish to be united to Denmark. E. Herstlet, The Map of 

 Europe by Treaty, vol. 3, p. 1722, Butterworths, London, 1875. 



