HISTORY OP THE PROTECTORATE TERRITORIES 221 



continuation of Lake Albert to the south-west, while the stories which 

 reached them about Lake Albert Edward strengthened this conviction of 

 the existence of a very lengthy " slug-like " lake in Central Africa, which 

 extended from the confluence of the Victoria and Albert Niles towards 

 the great river which Livingstone was beginning to discover west of 

 Tanganyika, which river afterwards turned out to be the Upper Congo. 

 Persistent clouds, and perhaps a difficulty of understanding the natives, 

 prevented Sir Samuel Baker from guessing that his '' Blue Mountains " 

 were probably the highest range in all Africa, and contained thirty miles 

 of snow and glaciers. 



Baker afterwards returned to the Egyptian Sudan as its Governor-Greneral, 

 and again visited these regions of the Upper Nile, discovering a portion 

 of that chain of swamp lakes nowadays known under the names of Kioga, 

 Kwania, etc. On Baker's visit for the discovery of the Albert Nyanza, he 

 and his wife had been held captive and very nearly killed by the king 

 of Unyoro (Kamurasi) ; and Kamurasi's successor, Kabarega, proved himself 

 quite as inimical in subsequent years, and prevented Baker from continuing 

 his researches in the direction of Uganda. Sir Samuel Baker was succeeded 

 in his post at Khartum by the late General Gordon, and General Gordon 

 despatched two or more of his cosmopolitan white assistants — Belgians and 

 Americans — to spy out the land in Uganda. 



Arab intercourse with Uganda had somewhat diminished since the time 

 of Speke's visit. King ^lutesa, though in a way searching for a religion 

 better than the inane worship of ancestral, earth, air, or water -^spirits, had 

 considered Muhammadanism, but had rejected it, some say because he 

 objected to the rite of circumcision, others because he vaguely felt the 

 danger of its political propaganda, believing that if he and his people became 

 Muhammadans they would fall inevitably under the power of " the Turk " 

 (the Egyptian rule in the Sudan in those days was always referred to as 

 the rule of the Turks). Less and less began to be heard about Uganda 

 and the Victoria Nyanza from Zanzibar. Burton's criticisms of Speke's 

 discoveries had shaken the faith of many geographical ^experts in their 

 validity. Livingstone's mistaken impression that his last discoveries had 

 placed the sources of the Nile where he had really discovered the main 

 springs of the Congo led the interest of African exploration rather more 

 towards Lakes Nyasa and Tanganyika. A young Welshman domiciled in 

 America, and become the travelling representative of a great American 

 journal — Henry ^lorton Stanley — had succeeded in a very comi)lete and 

 remarkable manner in finding Dr. Livingstone on the shores of Tanganyika, 

 and relieving him at a time when he was worn out witli penury, misfortunes, 

 and ill-health. 



Stanley returned to Europe, to learn soon afterwards that the man whom 



