Studies on Tipulidae 11. 167 
systems of Tipulidae will be found at the end of the present paper. 
To the chronological list of all the published genera of Tipulidae 
(l. ec. p. 13—17) Mr. Bigot’s genera (Philydorea, Trentepohlia, 
Octavia, Rondania, Dohrnia, Numantia, Variptera, Variegata, 
Goureautia, all of the year 1854), must be added. Since 1863 
twenty eight new genera have been introduced. In Appendix II to 
the present Introduction the list of genera given in the Monographs 
etc. Vol. IV has beeu brought down to date. 
The $ 4 Division of the Tipulidae in longipalpi and 
brevipalpi has been produced in part, and in a somewhat correc- 
ted form, B there Studies, Part I, p. 1553—154. 
In$5 Distribution of the Tipulidae brevipalpi in sec- 
tions I expressed my views on the necessity of bringing before 
the eye, in a systematic arrangement, the contrast between the 
large and small groups of species, as they exist in nature (the mono- 
typical and polytypical genera), and I insisted, for this reasou, on 
the usefulness of subgenera. I have not changed my views on this 
subject since. 
In$ 6 General remarks on the structure of the Tipu- 
lidae brevipalpi, p. 25, line 6 from bottom should read: „The 
spurs, whenever present, are two in number on each of the four 
posterior tibiae and a single one on the front tibiae etc. 
The $ 7, Comparison of the North-American and Euro- 
pean Tipulidae brevipalpi requires remodelling on account of 
the discoveries made since it was written. Thus Elephantomyia 
has been found in Europe and Africa, Elliptera in America, Teu- 
cholabis in Asia etc. These facts will be mentioned under the 
proper headings in the course of this paper. Strike out the remark 
(l. ec. p. 36, line 7, from bottom): „Gnophomyia is represented" etc.; 
and on p. 39, line 15 from bottom strike out the words: „and Acy- 
phona 0. 8." 
Appendix to the Introduction. 
I. Characters of the Tipulidaeı). 
The Tipulidae belong in the number of those large families 
of Diptera, the limits of which are equally well defined on all sides. 
1) See above, page 166. This is a somewhat modified reprint of 
the first paragraph of the Introduction to the 4th volume of the Mo- 
nographs of the North-American Diptera, 1869, p. 1—A. 
