Studies on Tipulidae II. 175 
the stigma is much smaller. The auxiliary vein ends not far from 
the base of the praefurca; the subcostal crossvein is rather far re- 
moved from its tip, and placed nearly opposite the middle of the 
first basal cell. In P. Schineri, nitens and aberrans, the interval 
between the auxiliary and first vein is unusually broad, and hence, 
the subeostal erossvein remarkably eonspieuous. In P. incommoda, 
on the contrary, I could hardly diseriminate the auxiliary from the 
first vein (at least in those speeimens which I saw). In P. Schineri 
and nitens the costal vein (in the male only) is remarkably incras- 
sate near the point of junction of the auxiliary vein; this character 
is less marked in P, incommoda; of P. aberrans I have seen only 
the female. 
The first longitudinal vein ends abruptly nearly opposite the 
middle of the submarginal cell and has the crossvein not far from 
its tip: but the position of the erossvein is variable; in P. nitens 
the same structure occurs as in some Dicranomyiae, where the first 
vein ends into the second, and the crossvein appears to be between 
it and the costa (see Novara, Tab. II. f. 3); in other cases a little 
stump of a vein projects beyond the terminal curvature of the first 
vein, (P, Schineri, aberrans). The proximal ends of the discal, first 
posterior and submarginal cells are in one line in P. Schineri and 
aberrans; in P. nitens the submarginal cell is a little, in P. in- 
commoda much longer. The discal cell is open in P. incommoda, 
closed in the other species. 
The praefurca is rather short and more or less curved (shortest 
and most curved in P. nitens; less so in P. aberrans); the re- 
mainder of the second vein runs in a line with the praefurca and 
is nearly straight. 
In the females, the outline of the wing, peculiar to the males of 
this genus, is less marked; the spurious cell is a little broader; the 
swelling of the costa round the tip of the auxiliary vein does not 
exist; the stigma has the usual proportions; the ovipositor is very 
small. The females of P. Schineri, nitens and aberrans, the only 
ones I have seen, differ but little from Dieranomyiae, except in the 
position of the erossvein at the proximal end of the basal cells and 
in the course of the seventh vein, which is very near the margin of 
the wing. 
The forceps of the male, as far as I could judge from dry speci- 
mens, has the same structure as in Diceranomyia. There are no 
empodia, and the ungues have a little tooth on the underside, as in 
Diceranomyia (it has been noticed and figured by Schiner, 1. c. 
fig. 3e). — 
