Studies on Tipulidae II. 179 
and the real end of the first vein, turned towards the second) are 
placed within that hyaline spot and are colorless and very weakly 
marked, sometimes (in the speeimen of P. perdecora, which I have 
seen) imperceptible. The known species have a supernumerary cross- 
vein in the first posterior cell, beyond the discal (a great deal beyond 
in P. plenipennis, and only a little in the three other species). 
P. plenipennis also differs from the other species in having the 
second and third veins, as well as the first vein issuing from the 
discal cell, strongly wavy, which gives the venation a peculiar ap- 
pearance (Westw., 1. c. fig. 2). 
The wings of the four species hitherto described are more 
handsomely colored than those of any other Tipulidae. They are the 
-birds of paradise in this family, the more so as they come from New 
Guinea and the adjacent islands, the home of the true birds of 
paradise. 
Wings with a single hyaline spot at the end of the first vein. 
Wings brown at base and apex, and fulvous in the middle. 
The hyaline spot is enclosed within the brown at the apex 
of the wing; abdomen black 
auroatra Walk. J. Proc. Lin. Soc. VII, 202. 
The hyaline spot is on the edge ofthe brown at the apex 
of the wing; abdomen yellow in the middle 
latifascia Walk. 1. c. VIII, 104. 
Wings (excepting the hyaline spot) uniformly brown, with 
various spots in darker brown 
perdecora Walk. l. c. V. 230. 
Wings with other hyaline spots, besides the one at the end of 
the first vein 
plenipennis Walk. l. ec. VII. 103. 
Libnotes. 
Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. 505, Tab. III. f. 6b. 
This genus was introduced for L. Thwaitesiana n. sp. from 
Ceylon, on account of its peculiar venation. Mr. v. d. Wulp added 
a new species, L. notata from Sumatra (Tidschr. v. Ent. Vol. XXI, 
p. 194). I found five Zibnotes among the Limnobiae described by 
Mr. Walker from Mr. Wallace’s collections; moreover I described 
six new ones, so that the whole number now reaches thirteen. 
The geographical range of Libnotes extends from Ceylon (TZ’hwai- 
tesiana) and the Philippines. (Semperi, termitina) to N. Guinea 
(quadrifurca). 
As some doubts have arisen concerning the systematic position 
XXXI. Heft IL 12 
