Studies on Tipulidae 11. 193 
specimens from New Zealand. The larva and pupa of M. ochra- 
ceus are described by Beling, Verh. Z. B. Ges. 1886, p. 193; the 
larva of M. obscurus is merely mentioned by him, 1. ce. 1878, p. 56. 
In the Monogr. ete. IV, p. 149—150 I have given my reasons 
why the generic name Erioptera should be retained for Meigen’s 
first and prineipal division (Div. A.) in his principal work. The reason 
alleged by Schiner for his nomenclature in this case (Wien. Ent. Z. 
l. ec.) implies an oversight on his part. He says: „I have retained 
for there species E. atra, murina ete.) the name Erioptera, be- 
cause Zipula erioptera Fahr. (Syn. E. atra) may have given occa- 
sion for the formation of that generic name.“ Schiner overlooks that 
the name T. erioptera appeared in Syst. Antl. 1805, two years 
later than Zrioptera atra Meig. IMllig. Mag. 1503 its synonym. It 
was therefore Fabriecius who borrowed the name from Meigen and 
not vice-versa. 
Erioptera. 
Meigen, in Illiger’s Magaz. 1883; O. Sacken, Monogr. ete. IV, p. 146, 
Tab. 1, f. 16—19, wings; Tab. 4, fig. 14—16, forceps. 
I still prefer, as I did in 1868, to maintain as subdivisions of 
this genus the groups which I formed in it. Further accessions of 
european and exotic material should be waited for, before the defi- 
nitions of these groups can be settled. Molophilus alone can, I 
think, be finally accepted. 
1. Acyphona O. Sack. 1. c. p. 151, Tab. 1, f. 17, wing; Tab. 4, 
f. 16, forceps. 
This well-characterized group contains four north-american and 
one european species (P. maculata). Besides the venation, it is 
characterized by a more simple structure of the forceps, the movable 
appendages of which fastened to the basal pieces, are rather short 
and stout (see the figure in the Monograph; the european species 
has them more slender). In my Catal. N. Am. Dipt. 1878, p. 220 
I have pointed out that Loew (Beschr. Eur. Dipt. III, p. 50) was 
mistaken about Acyphona, and based its interpretation on my state- 
ments in Monogr. Vol. IV, p. 158 only, overlooking the detailed cha- 
racter, as given 1. c. p. 151—52. The pupa of A. maculata is de- 
scribed by Beling, Verh. Z. B. Ver. 1878, p. 49. 
NB. Erioptera bipartita O0. S. from California is erroneously 
placed in the subgenus Hoplolabis in my Catal. N. Am. Dipt. 1878, 
p. 29. It is an Acyphona. 
2. Hoplolabis O. Sack. l. e. p. 152, Tab. 1, fig. 13 wing; 
Tab. 4, fig. 14 forceps. Has not been found outside of North-America. 
