Genus Xi/locopa. 249 



future Hymenopterist. I have felt it incumbent on my- 

 self to place in the hands of entomologists all the 

 materials Avhich in the course of years I have been able 

 to accumulate. I have neglected no opportunity of 

 endeavouring to induce collectors in foreign countries 

 to make careful observations of the economies of these 

 insects, and I may mention Herr Gueinzius, as one who 

 paid much attention to the habits of Hymenoptera, and 

 who on many occasions has furnished highly interesting 

 information on the insects found in the district of Port 

 Natal. In the British Museum are many nests, with the 

 insects bred from them ; some of the results of such obser- 

 vations will be found to be acknowledged in this paper. 

 To Mr. H. W. Bates also I have been frequently indebted 

 for valuable information of the habits of the Hymenop- 

 tera ; and in one or two instances the propriety of uniting 

 the sexes of species of Xylocopa found in Brazil have been 

 confirmed by his observations. I have divided the genus 

 into geographical sections, and these I have again sub- 

 divided, each into three divisions ; the first contains those 

 species of which the two sexes are similarly coloured ; the 

 second, species of which the sexes are differently coloured ; 

 my third division consists of species of which only one sex 

 is known. This arrangement will I trust greatly simplify 

 the study of this extensive genus, no less than one hundred 

 and twenty-three being recorded in this paper. I have 

 thus amassed materials which other hands may hereafter 

 arrange, probably in a more orderly and scientific manner. 



One or two of my sections have been named generically. 

 I, however, only consider them of divisional value. 



In the genus Xylocopa, as in that of Megachile, the 

 males of some species have the anterior tarsi dilated ; 

 other species of Xylocopa have the intermediate legs 

 greatly elongated ; a similar section is found in the genus 

 Anthophora. Lepeletier de St. Fargeau has proposed 

 the generic name Audinetia for the division to which 

 X. latipes belongs, the males having the eyes very large, 

 and approximating on the vertex ; the anterior tarsi are 

 dilated and thickly fringed behind ; the females have the 

 metathorax abruptly truncate, the posterior margin of the 

 scutellum being somewhat elevated and sharply edged. 

 In this section he places his species X. crassa, which is 

 the female of A'', torrida, the male of Avhich has the 

 anterior tarsi simple. Another sub-genus of St. Fargeau, 

 Schonlierria, is characterized by the females having the 



