GASTROPODA. 999 
Liospira subconcava.] 
LiosprrA suBconcava, ». sp. (Ulrich.) 
PLATE LXIX, FIGS. 30—32. 
Average diameter about 20 mm., but varying in thirteen specimens between the extremes of 15 and 
25mm. The hight, which is about equally divided between the spire and base, compares with the greatest 
width about as six to eleven. On the upper side of the shell the surface of the whorls is concave, but this 
concavity is produced chiefly by the elevation of the two edges, the peripheral one being thick and the 
sutural one thin and sharp. The umbilicus is filled, the surface of the filling but slightly concave and its 
outer margin, which includes a space with a diameter equalling somewhat less than a third of the greatest 
widtk of the shell, more or less sharply defined. The anterior outline of the lower lip bows rather strongly 
forward in the outer two-thirds, and always more so than it does in L. persimilis. If we add to this that 
the umbilical cavity is much less depressed, and its filling not nearly so extensive as in that species, we 
have at least three good characters by which ordinarily good specimens of the two species may be 
distinguished. 
Compared with other species we find that both UL. helena and ZL. eugenia of Billings are closely 
related. In the first the hight is relatively greater, the inner lip higher and more nearly vertical and the 
umbilical depression narrower, more abrupt, and much deeper. In the second the outer part of the basal 
half of the shell is more nearly vertical, the form of the aperture more nearly quadrate, and the whorls 
‘* gently convex above near the suture.” 
Formation and locality.—Lowest division of the Stones River group, near Murfreesboro, Tennessee. 
Collection.—H. O. Ulrich. 
LiosPirA RUGATA, n. sp. (Ulrich.) 
PLATE LXIX, FIGS. 33—36. 
In ten representative specimens the width varies from 14 to 20 mm. The hight equals about 
two-thirds of the width. Volutions four or five, with a thick ridge above along the suture, deeply concave 
between this and the elevated band which is set obliquely upon the upper angle of the periphery. The 
latter is vertical, rather wide and unusually well defined below where it passes into the moderately convex 
base. Lower and outer portions of peristome bowed strongly forward, and prominent at the obscure angle 
of the periphery, above which the outline curves strongly backward toward the band. Inner lip thick, 
turned outward, excavated in front, reflected and completely covering the umbilicus. Mouth rounded- 
pentagonal; shell rather thick. The surface markings are not well preserved. As far as known they 
consist of strong, almost wrinkle-like, lines of growth. As thisis an unusual feature among species of 
this genus, we have chosen a Specific name that will call attention to it. 
Of previously described species, only L. eugenia Billings, need be compared. That species agrees 
closely in most respects, but evidently has finer surface markings, while it differs decidely in the more 
uniform convexity of the under side of the whorls. JZ. helena Billings is farther removed. Two other 
Canadian species, LZ. nuwmeria Billings sp., and Helicotoma larvata Salter, resemble our species, yet may be 
distinguished at once by the umbilicus which is open in them and closed in L. rugata. The next species, 
I. mundula, is as closely related as any. 
Formation and locality.—Richmond group, Lincoln county, Kentucky. 
Collection.—H. O. Ulrich. 
Liospira (?) MunDuLA, n. sp, (Ulrich. 
PLATE LXIX, FIGS. 37—41. 
The average width of this shell, according to twenty specimens, is about 12 mm., the hight about 7 
mm. The largest seen has a width of 15 mm. The species is closely related to L. rugata but does not 
attain the size of that shell, has finer lines of growth, a more uniformly rounded base, and relatively 
