APPENDIX 121 



10. PicoiDES AMERiCANUS, American Three-toed Woodpecker. 



Very similar to preceding species, but with narrow bars of 

 white forming an interrupted stripe down the back j head 

 thickly sprinkled with white in both sexes and a white line 

 on nape or just below; a white line, too narrow to be called 

 a stripe, down side of throat. $ with crown bright yellow. 

 9 inches. Same range in the East as last; replaced in West 

 by following subspecies: — 



a. P. a. alascensis, Alaskan Three-toed Woodpecker. 

 Smaller; more white; nape very white; more white on top 

 of head. 



Alaska, south to 48°. (Mt. Baker, Washington). 



b. P. a. dorsalis, Alpine Three-toed Woodpecker. 



More white on back and head than P. americanus, less than 

 alascensis; but continuous, not barred. " Iris dark cherry- 

 red" (Mearns). 



Rocky Mountain region, south to New Mexico and Ari- 

 zona. 



11. Sphyrapicus varius. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. 



Under parts whitish or pale sulphur yellow; upper parts 

 black, mottled with pure or yellowish white; rump white; 

 wings spotted, and with conspicuous white coverts; tail 

 black with outer webs of outer feathers and inner webs of mid- 

 dle feathers light colored; sides streaked; breast with a broad 

 black patch extending in a " chin-strap " to the corners of 

 the mouth ; sides of the head striped. Occiput black, nape 

 white. $ with forehead, crown, chin, and throat crimson; 

 9 usually with crown crimson, forehead black, and throat 

 white, back more brownish; 9 sometimes, and young al- 

 ways, with crown blackish. 7.5-8.5 inches. 



Colors vary much with age, sex, and season; the wing bar 

 and yellowish tinge are good marks for all plumages; the 

 rump and breast patch for adult birds. 



Eastern North America, breeding from Massachusetts 

 northward, migrating in winter to the Southern States. 

 a. S. V. nuchalis, Red-naped Sapsucker. 



Similar, but an additional red stripe on nape, and the black 

 chin-strap replaced by crimson. 8-8.5 inches. 



