INDEX 



Aard-vark, 104. 



Acorus, eaten by woodpeckers, -KJ, 51, 



57, 58, 59. 



Acquired habits, 61-66. 



Adaptations of woodpeckers to environ- 

 ment, 104-100. 



Ant-bear, 104, 106. 



Ants, as food for woodpeckers, 3, 30, 63, 



105, 106.- 

 Argument from design, 110. 



Bear, black, 107. 



Beechnuts, as food for woodpeckers, 57, 



58, 59. 



Beetles, as food for woodpeckers, 3, 11, 



63. 

 Bill of woodpeckers as a tool, 68-76. 

 Borers, 3, 10, 11, 29, 30, 36. 

 Burroughs, John, quoted, 17. 



Cacti, woodpeckers nesting in, 20. 



Cannibalism among woodpeckers, 64. 



Carpenter, the. See California wood- 

 pecker. 



Carpintero, El. See California wood- 

 pecker. 



Caterpillars, as food for woodpeckers, 

 10, 11, 29, 63. 



Cecropia chrysalids, eaten by wood- 

 peckers, 9. 



Chestnuts, eaten by woodpeckers, 59. 



Chickadee, 16, 21, 25, 30, 32, 74. 



Chipmunks, hoarding food, 60. 



Clape. See Flicker. 



Creeper, brown, 5, 81, 87, 88. 



Crossbills, eating salted food, 31. 



Crow, hoarding habit, 60 ; 74. 



Cuckoo, ground, 82. 



Cuckoos, yoke-toed, 5, 82. 



Drumming of yellow-bellied sapsucker, 

 16, 17. 



Evolution, 109, 112. 



Feeding yomig, how the flicker does it, 



24, 25. 

 Fence-posts used by woodpeckers, 48, 



56, 58. 

 Finch, piu-ple, 39. 

 Finches, 74. 

 Fish-spears, 12, 13. 



Flicker, 6, 7, 15, 18, 20, 23-26, 73, 74, 82, 

 88, 89, 95, 97-99, 101, 103, 106, 125. 

 brown, 126. 

 cactus, 126. 

 gUded, 126. 



Guadalupe Island, 127. 

 northern, 126. 

 northwestern, 126. 

 red-shafted, 126. 

 Flycatching habits of woodpeckers, 7, 



56, 106, 124. 

 Foot, of a four-toed woodpecker figured, 

 77. 

 of a three-toed woodpecker figiu'ed, 



80. 

 discussed as a tool, 77-85. 



Grasshoppers, as food for woodpeckers, 



3, 56, 63. 

 Grosbeaks, pine, 39. 

 Grouse, ruffed, 14, 15. 

 Grouse, sharp-tailed, 15. 



Hawk, sparrow, 21. 

 High-hole. See Flicker. 

 Hoarding habits, 62, 63. 

 Hummingbird, Anna's, 27. 



