84 



scientific men, lias not readied tlie official stage. Dr. Ritzema Bos is 

 X)rofessor of zoology and animal physiology in the Koyal Agricultnral 

 College at Wageningen, and for more than twenty years has volunta- 

 rily given information to the Dutch agriculturists and horticulturists. 

 Up to the present time he has received no specific indemnification from 

 the Government. For 1894, however, he has been promised the insig- 

 nificant sum of 500 florins, equal to $200. The outlook, however, is 

 favorable, and in a reorganization of agricultural instruction which 

 will be brought about within a year or two, it is hoped that econonac 

 entomology will gain a better place. The only active and well organ- 

 ized branch of the International Phytopathologic Commission exists in 

 the JS^etherlands. It was organized upon the same lines as the parent 

 society founded at the meeting of the Agricultural Congress held at 

 Vienna in 1890. It was organized April II, 1891, by the two Dutch 

 members of the International Phytopathologic Committee, Dr. J. Eit- 

 zema Bos and Prof. Hugo de Tries, for a term of twenty-nine years. 

 Roughly translated, the essential by-laws of the society read practically 

 as follows : 



Article 1 recites that the Dutch Phytopathological Society was founded in pur- 

 suance of the action of the Agricultural Congress at Vienna in 1890; that its field is 

 limited to the Netherlands. 



Article 2, that it was organized for twenty-nine years, has its official home at 

 Amsterdam, and its year of association begins January 1. 



In article 3 the object of the society is stated to be the promotion of agriculture, 

 horticulture, and forestry in the Netherlands by the investigation of the diseases and 

 enemies of cultivated jilants and remedies therefor. 



Article 4 enumerates the following specific means of attaining this end: (a) By 

 making observations upon the appearance and distribution of plant diseases and 

 injurious animals; (b) by the scientific investigation of the diseases of cultivated 

 plants occurring in the Netherlands; (c) by testing means to prevent and combat 

 plant diseases and injurious animals; {d) by disseminating information elsewhere 

 acquired as to the diftereut methods of combating plant diseases and injurious ani- 

 mals; (e) by the distribution of knowledge on these subjects; (/) by furnishing illus- 

 trations, as far as possible, free of cost, to Dutch agriculturists who desire it, in regard 

 to the diseases or injuries of plants. 



Article 5 provides for the employment, where possible, of experts, and the estab- 

 lishment of experimental phytopathologic stations. 



Articles 6, 7, and 8 prescribe the terms of membership and provide for donations 

 to the society from individuals or other societies. 



Article 9 relates to the publications of the society, article 10 to scientific members 

 who are willing to undertake investigations, and aiticle 11 to the receipt of speci- 

 mens from correspondents and their reference to experts for report. 



Articles 12 and 13 relate to the reimbursement of members for expenses incurred 

 in correspondence and traveling, and articles 14 to 17 to the officers of the society, 

 the appointments of its committees, general meetings, conduct of business, etc. 



NORWAY. 



For the past three years Norway has been giving more and more 

 encouragement to economic entomology. Mr. W. M. Schoj'en, curator 

 in the Royal Norske Frederike's University at Christiania, is almost 



