98 



other countries for tlie purpose of collecting and transmitting to 

 Hawaii iusects which will prey upon native and introduced insect 

 pests. Mr. Koebele was appointed in the summer of 1893, and is at 

 present in Australia engaged in this work. 



IN CONCLUSION. 



In concluding a review of this character, an American writer may 

 perhaps be pardoned for an exhibition of national pride. Writing in 

 1870, Dr. A. S. Packard, in his First Annual Report upon the luju- 

 rious and Beneficial Insects of Massachusetts, compared the attention 

 paid to economic entomology in this country with that which it received 

 or had received up to that time in Europe, very much to our own dis- 

 credit. In the twenty-four years which have intervened the change 

 has been vast. All of the great advances in our science have come 

 from America, and it may justly be said that, aside from the one depart- 

 ment of forestry insects, the whole world looks to America for instruc- 

 tion in economic entomology. 



These great advances, we must remember, would not have been pos- 

 sible without legislative encouragement. Activity on the part of 

 workers and appreciation on the part of the people and their represent- 

 atives have gone hand in hand. At the present time the amount of 

 money expended for work in economic entomology is far greater in 

 this country than in any other. Our regular annual expenditure in 

 the support of entomological offices amounts to about $100,000, very 

 nearly all of which is appropriated by the General Government, $29,000 

 going to the Division of Entomology of the Department of Agriculture 

 and about $00,000 to experiment-station entomologists. To this amount 

 must be added the large sums expended annually in jjublishiug our 

 reports and bulletins. The sum total thus reached will probably exceed 

 the amount expended in this direction by the entire remainder of the 

 world. Much more is therefore to be expected from American workers 

 than from workers in other countries. The American members of this 

 association must bear this fact m mind, and must realize that with the 

 present rapid increase in interest among other nations nothing but the 

 most energetic and painstaking work will result in the retention by the 

 United States of her present prominent position. In some respects 

 our results have not been commensurate with our opportunities, but we 

 have certainly justified in vast degree the money expenditure which 

 has enabled us to prosecute our work. iSTot a year passes in which the 

 sum saved to agriculture and horticulture, as the direct result of our 

 work, does not amount to many times that which the Government 

 appropriates, as has been often shown, and notably by our former presi- 

 dent, Mr. James Fletcher, in his most able and interesting address at 

 our Washington meeting in 1891. 



In the good which has been accomplished in the v^ay of remedial 

 work against insects, the work of the official economic entomologists 



