122 



on the amount of oil distributed, the cap was removed in the last four 

 series of experiments. 



Series 1. — Sprayed immediately after charging the apparatus, the stopcocks hav- 

 ing been previously closed and the pump cleaned. Eesult : 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 13 



Jar 2 5 



Jar 3 3 



Series 2. — Sprayed after the stopcocks had been left open ten minutes: 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 '. 57 



J ar 2 31 



Jar 3 18 



Jar 4 11 



This series certainly indicates the necessity of keeping the stopcocks 

 closed when the pump is not in use. Both these series may have been 

 influenced somewhat by the fact, noted above, that the oil reservoir 

 was sealed air-tight. 



Series S. — Sprayed after standing ten minutes with both stopcocks closed from the 



termination of the last series : 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 - 37 



Jar 2 9 



Jar 3 8 



Series 4. — Conditions same as in Series 3. 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 : 34 



Jar 2 3 



Jar 3 11 



Series 5. — In this series the oil was then turned off and the pump operated until 



the water ran clear. The oil was then turned on and pumping resumed until the 



milkiness of the mixture coming from the nozzle indicated that the normal mixture 



of oil and water was taking place. 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 9 



Jar 2 14 



Jar 3 5 



Series G. — Conditious same as in Series 5. 



Per cent of oil. 



Jar 1 14 



Jar 2 15 



Jar 3 15 



It will be noted that, with the exception of the last series, the vari- 

 ation was such as to render any application of the oil exceedingly 

 dangerous to the plant, it being impossible to foretell the percentage of 

 oil. If the results which the above series of experiments indicate are 

 the ordinary ones in the use of this apparatus, it certainly can not 

 be recommended, and is a most dangerous implement to put into 

 the hands of the horticulturist. Until some more certain method of 

 insuring uniformity in the proportion of water and oil is devised, it 

 will be very much better to adhere to the standard emulsions, which 

 are not difflcult of preparation, and have advantages beyond the mere 



