161 



therefore, that the insect will be exterminated at this point before the 

 close of the year. 



To sum up, east of the Mississippi River the San Jose scale is 

 now known to occur in one rather widely extended point in Florida, at 

 one point in Virginia, at three points in Maryland, at one point in Indi- 

 ana, at two points in Pennsylvania, and at many in Xew Jersey. In 

 Indiana and Virginia it has been exterminated. At the three points 

 in Maryland the probabilities are strong that it will be exterminated 

 before the close of the year. In Florida active and energetic work 

 is going on, and, while Mr. Hubbard is doubtful of the possibility of 

 actually exterminating the insect, it is being carefully and intelligently 

 handled. There is little danger of the insect spreading to any degree 

 from this point. In the two Pennsylvania localities the outlook is 

 equally good, although Prof. Smith may have ascertained other facts 

 of which I know nothing. With the exception of the l!^eavitt orchard, 

 into which the scale was introduced from Missouri, and the Florida 

 orchards, into which it was introduced from some point as yet unknown, 

 all the occurrences above mentioned have originated from two promi- 

 nent nursery firms in the State of New Jersey. An investigation 

 of the circumstances connected with the introduction of the insect 

 into these two nurseries, and its subsequent distribution throughout 

 the State of New Jersey, as well as to other localities (many of which, 

 I imagine, are as yet unknown to us), has been in the hands of Prof. 

 Smith, who informs me that the insect came to New Jersey direct from 

 California upon Japan plums. 



Eemedial work against this insect is onerous, but our experience 

 has shown that three sprayings, at intervals of ten days during the 

 latter part of May and June, will practically destroy the insect, whether 

 the spraying be conducted with very considerably diluted kerosene 

 emulsioTi or with a resin wash, while during the winter a single appli 

 cation of either of the three winter washes, mentioned in an opening 

 paragraph, will greatly reduce the numbers of the insect. Among the 

 winter washes our exj)erience leads us to give the preference to strong- 

 kerosene emulsion; next, to the winter resin wash; and finally, to the 

 lime, salt, and sulphur mixture. 



After tbe publication of the warning circular, the president of the 

 California State Horticultural Society, Avho also holds the responsible 

 position of secretary to the State Board of Horticulture, Mr. B. M. 

 Lelong, is reported to have said at the April meeting of the society 

 that he had been somewhat amused, but more chagrined, to see an 

 official bulletin giving remedies which had been discarded in California 

 fifteen years ago. He recalled how himself and others had tinkered 

 round with kerosene emulsion and the like, to the waste of time and 

 money, and he hated to see othcis go through the same wasteful expe- 

 rience. The sovereign remedy for this insect he stated to be the lime, 

 salt, and sulj)hur compound generally used in California. It had saved 



