264 



several cups in each stand and replace the door or lid after filling about two-thirds 

 with bisulphide. Put at least two cups in each conveyor box, as that is the princi- 

 pal breeding-bed. 



Keep padded mallets handy, and occasionally — several times a week — ^jar down 

 the cant boards and S])0uts and allow no old dust to accumulate anywhere. These 

 mallets are easily made of pieces of 2 by 4, the ends covered with odd pieces of old 

 cotton belting neatly cut out at the corners, folded down, and nailed around the 

 edges. Hard-wood broomsticks make good handles. Bore a hole in the end of the 

 mallet and have one hanging at hand on each floor. These mallets are also conven- 

 ient to use on the spouting in case of choko-ups. 



In the construction of the aforesaid reels shoulders and conveyors should be 

 aA'oided, and should be hoppered to discharge into a spout of about 4 by 4, so there 

 would be no flour banks and no accumulations of flour in conveyors. The reels 

 should extend a trifle past the partition of the tank chamber. They should be plain 

 hoop reels, and not deflectors or carriers, so as not to fog or dust over. The cloth 

 being coarse — No. 1 or 2 — the capacity is immense. A reel four or five feet in length 

 has a capacity of 350 barrels per 24 hours. They should be run at a speed of 30 

 revolutions a minute, and no brush or cloth cleaner is necessary. The water-tank 

 should hold three or four gallons, and the edges should fit snug against the cant 

 board. 



A shelf may be provided in an upper corner where a cup of bisulphide may be 

 placed to advantage over Sundays or while the mill is idle. Each of these reels 



retjuireonly a 2-inch belt over 14 or 16-inch pulleys, 

 or several may be coupled tandem or a cross-counter 

 gear drive utilized. In small mills, where this plan 

 would be considered almost too elaborate, old scalp- 

 ers of a small size may be arranged instead. You 

 should avoid having conveyors and elevators between 

 them and the flour chest if possible. The separation 

 of bugs is not the only benefit to be derived ; for mills 

 carrying stocks of flour find sacks variously damaged, 

 some infected with vermin, rats, and mice This may 

 all be fed direct to the flour elevator and the bug reel 

 will renovate and separate. 



In cold buildings where water in the tin tank 

 would freeze, a sack made of table oil-cloth, with the 

 oil side in, may be substituted. These bugs, as is said 

 of some millers, will stand watching, as they are 

 likely to crawl out of the sack. A sieve will not take 

 the place of a reel, for the bugs will crawl over. I 

 have found them riding purifier sieves and elevator 

 belts with seeming enjoyment. 



THE CARNATION TWITTER AGAIN. 



From tbe notes which we have published 

 on pages 45 and 343-345 of volume Yi, Insect 

 Life, and from recent talks with florists, as 

 well as from an interesting letter received 

 Fig. 28— Camatiou twitter (from froui Prof. C. F. Baker, of Fort Collius, Colo., 

 drawing by c. F. Baker). -^ appcars that sevcral insects are concerned 



in the peculiar deformation of carnations, known to growers as " twitter." 

 Prof. Baker has called our attention to an article which he published 

 in the American Florist for April 1, 1890, in which he attributes the 



