382 



as five larvrt) sometiines occupy tlie same iiiiiie, and when the leaf con- 

 taining the mine is small they usually desert it and form new mines in 

 the adjoining- leaves. Drosophila pallida Zett., and Sraptomyza apicalis 

 Hardy, are regarded as being synonymous with the present species. 



Prof. II. (iarman, the entomologist of the Kentucky Experiment Sta- 

 tion, in his Bulletin '^o. 40, issued in March, 1892, has given a very 

 interesting account of what is evidently a diftereut, although closely 

 related, species of Drosophila, the larvie of which mine the leaves of 

 the turnip in that State. It was first observed during the month of 

 October, 1891, when it infested about one-fifth of the leaves m the turnip- 

 field of the station. The description of the adult insect given by Pro- 

 fessor Garman accords very well with Drosophila graniinum Fallen, a 

 common and widespread European species, reported many years ago as 

 occurring in this country, having been recognized by the well-known 

 German dipterist, Dr. Lo; w. Eecently Prof. A. D. Hopkins, of the 



YiG. iO.— Drosophila flaveola: a, larva; 6. pupariura : c, adult; </, autenn;Te of adult; e, larval mine 

 in radish leaf— a, h, c, enlarged; d, still more enlarged; <>, natural size (original). 



West Virginia Experiment Station, submitted specimens of this species, 

 with the statement that he reared them during the past season from 

 larviie found mining the leaves of cabbage in his locality. This insect 

 seems to be (piite a general feeder; besides the plants mentioned above, 

 it has been bred in Europe from iSteUaria media, Lychnis git]u((/o, Cheno- 

 podium album, Viscaria oculata, and Silene armeria. 



The genus Drosophila contains two groups of species which, while 

 closely related by structural details, differ from each other in regard to 

 food habits. In one of these groups, which contains the well-known 

 vinegar fly [Drosophila ampelophila Loew),the larvjE live in fermenting 

 or decomposing vegetable substances of a liquid nature; while those 

 of the second group mine the leaves of growing plants. The species 

 of the latter group have been sei^arated into a distinct genus under 



