11 



spring, transforming to pupa shortly before the emergence of the adult 

 insect in May. The appearance of the adult insects is somewhat irreg- 

 ular, and hence the larvi^ are found on rose-bushes over a period of five 

 or six weeks. 



The Bristly Rose Worm {Cladius pectinicornis). — This insect pro- 

 duces three, or in some cases, four broods annually. The eggs are in- 

 serted in the upper side of the petiole of the leaf, and areplacedinrows 

 close behind each other, three or more together. The full-grown larva at- 

 tains a length of 16 mm., and ranges in color fiom dirty yellowish-green 

 to a glaucous- green with a dorsal line of a slightly darker green. The 

 head is greenish-yellow and is covered with orange sculpturing. The 

 whole larva is sparsely covered with stiff hairs or bristles, especially 

 at the side. When quite young it skeletonizes the leaves, leaving 

 whitish blotches, but as it grows older it devours irregular holes all 

 over the leaf, eating the entire substance, until fi-equently nothing is 

 left but the stronger ribs, the larva remaining all the time concealed on 

 the under side of the leaf. 



When full-fed it does not leave the plant, at least in the case of the 

 earlier broods, but forms its cocoon, which is composed half of silk, half 

 of some glutinous substance intermixed, and is spun tightly to the 

 lower surface of the leaves or other objects, usually surrounded by an 

 irregular fringe. The fall brood spins up among fallen leaves and other 

 rubbish at the base of the bushes. 



The Coiled Rose Worm {Emplujtus ductus). — This insect is double- 

 brooded, and in southern latitudes produces a third brood, the appear- 

 ance of the worms extending from May to October. The eggs are 

 placed singly to the number of from three to seven on the under surface 

 of the leaves. The larva is easily distinguished from either of the other 

 two by being smooth and by having its yellowish-brown head marked 

 with a broad, brownish-black spot. The body is nearly linear, the under 

 part swollen at the anterior extremity, and is dark-green above, with 

 the sides and legs grayish- white. On reaching full growth, the larvoe 

 bore into the pith of stems of dead rose branches or other plants, in 

 which they pupate, or, in the case of the fall brood, hibernate. The 

 larva eats the entire substance of the leaf, feeding along the edges with 

 the body curled beneath it, and when at rest it remains curled up in a 

 ball on the under surface of the leaf. 



REMEDIES. 



All three of these species are amenable to the ordinary remedy for 

 saw-tiy larvoe, viz, the application of powdered hellebore in water spray. 

 A mixture of two ounces of hellebore to two or three gallons of water 

 will be of suthcient strength to effect the destruction of the larvae. In 

 the case of the two newer species, Cladius pecUmcornis and Empliytus 

 cinctus, thorough treatment of the first will prevent the reappearance 

 of the later broods, and very frequently hand-picking will be sufficient 

 to check the insects, if carefully done in the case of the first brood. 



