195 



one of these tJulophiues, lie lias Iciudly allowi^l me to use it in this 

 eounection. 



The Chiileidid larviie which te<Ml externally on outside feedinj;- hirvai 

 (and we know only one yenus — Eupleetrus — in which this habit prevails), 

 spin a coarse, rough silk, attaching the depleted skin of the host insect 

 to the leaf on which it had been feedinj;, and transform topupie side by 

 side in a regular transverse row in the silky mass. Frecpieutly the host 

 larva has supported so many parasiticlarvse that their web attaches the 

 entire shriveled skin from end to end, but again they do not occur in suf- 

 ticient number to accomplish this result, and only half of the larva skin 





Fig. 19. — C'ratotechussp. a, a. groups of pupai on sycamore leaf, natural size; 6, pupa from side; c, 

 same, from ventral side; d, adult female; e, male antenna; /, female antenna. enlarged (original). 



is thus fastened (Schwarz states that with the Cotton Worm andCom- 

 stock's Euplectrus it is usually the anterior portion) and the remaining 

 l)ortion hangs down, is doubled back, or breaks off. 



The larvpe of the closely allied genus Elachistus pupate externally, but 

 do not spin the loose silk characteristic of Euplectrus. I have seen the 

 naked pupae of Elachistus cacceciw attached by their anal end to the silk 

 spun in its leaf-roll by the larva of Gaccecia rosaceana, while the pupae 

 of E. spUosomatis MS. are found attached in a group among the long 

 hairs on the dorsum of the abdomen of the larva of l^pilosoina virginica 

 (Fig. 20). In the allied genus Miotropis, M. pUitijuotoi transforms with- 

 out its host in the leaf-rolls of Platynota rostrana, as observed by Hub- 

 bard (Orange Insects, p. 153). 



Euplectrus, although it spins silk, can by no means be said to form a 

 cocoon, and, therefore, does not form a true exception to the rule that 

 the i)upse are naked with the Chalcididse, 



The oft-repeated and hitherto accepted observation of Haliday to 

 the effect that Coryna clavata does spin a true cocoon would, however, 



