120 
more soluble, it will cause it to do greater injury, if it renders it less 
soluble it will cause it to do less injury to foliage. In applying 
arsenites and fungicides together the benefit is not wholly in econo- 
mizing time or lessening the injuries to foliage. Mr. Lodeman, of the 
Cornell Experiment Station, has reported (Bul. 48, p. 272) decided fun- 
gicidal properties for London purple and Paris green. 
ARSENITES WITH LIME TO PREVENT INJURY TO FOLIAGE, 
So far as we are aware, lime is the only substance used with the 
arsenites for the express purpose of diminishing the injuries that they 
ordinarily do to plants, and the first experiments made with this 
object in view seem to be those reported in Bulletin 10 of the Iowa 
Experiment Station. These experiments proved beyond a reasonable 
doubt that London purple or Paris green can be used liberally in wet 
applications upon the tenderest foliage when there is a little lime in 
the water. The results reached in Iowa have been abundantly veri- 
fied since by the writer in Colorado, and by* other entomologists in 
several States. 
Just the amount of lime necessary in each case to precipitate the 
soluble arsenic, and so protect foliage from injury, was determined at 
the New Jersey Experiment Stationt by Dr. J. B. Smith with the aid 
of the assistant station chemist, and also by Mr. B. W. Kilgore, assist- 
ant station chemist in North Carolina. t 
Dr. Smith recommends foreach pound of London purple three-fourths 
of a pound of lime; for each pound of arsenic, 14 pounds of lime; and 
for Paris green a small amount. Mr. Kilgore recommends for London 
purple and Paris green equal weights, and for arsenic a double weight 
of lime. In either case the amounts recommended are in excess of 
what would be needed as indicated by the analyses. 
What seems unaccountable to the writer is that in all his experi- 
ments, both in Iowa and Colorado, lime added to a fresh mixture of 
arsenic in water and applied to foliage has in all cases resulted in much 
greater injuries than when arsenic was applied in the same manner 
without lime. When the arsenic was first dissolved in the water lime 
would lessen the injuries as in the case of London purple and Paris 
green. 
ADHESIVE SUBSTANCES USED WITH THE ARSENITES. 
§ When flour paste or other adhesive substance is used with arsenical 
mixtures, wet or dry, the poison should be used more sparingly, as any- — 
thing that will cause more arsenic to adhere to the leaves will cause | 
increased burning of the foliage. 
* Bul. 4, No.2, Ohio Exp. Sta.; Bul. 75, N. J. Exp. Sta.; Bul. 77b, N.C. Exp. Sta. 
tIn Rep. of Exp. Sta. for 1890. 
t Bul. 77b, N. C. Exp. Sta. 
§ Bul. 10, Iowa Exp. Sta., p. 408. 
