ae la ia eal 
REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIST. 191 
SESSIONAL PAPER No. 8a 
seldom grows to a large size in crops and is easily killed by autumn or spring cultiva- 
tion. 
YELLow WHITLOow-cRaSs (Draba nemorosa, L., var. a, leiocarpa, *‘Lindl.).—This is a 
small few-branched winter annual, seldom more than four to six inches high, with few 
leaves and a great many smooth pods about half an inch in length on slender wide- 
spreading foot-stalks. The flowers are bright yellow, borne at the ends of the branches. 
There is no danger, I believe, of this feeble native plant ever becoming an aggressive 
crop pest, but it was conspicuously abundant on almost every summer-fallow through 
Manitoba and the North-west Territories last June. At every one of the twenty-one 
meetings held, specimens were shown or questions were asked about it. 
Gray Tansy Mustarp (Sisymbriwm incisum, Englm., var. Hartwegianuwm, Watson). 
—Native. Biennial. A tall grayish-green slender plant 3 to 4 feet high, very leafy at the 
base and bearing at the summit a compressed panicle, thickly loaded with short erect pods. 
The leaves are very finely divided and cut up, from which fact it is sometimes inaccurately 
spoken of as ‘ Rag-weed,’ a name which belong to quite a different plant. This crucifer 
was the most striking unusual plant on western wheat fields and summer-fallows last 
year, attracting the notice of everybody by its tall cones of grayish green leaves stand- 
ing up above the young grain in June. Mr. Braithwaite writes: ‘The Green and 
Gray Tansy Mustards were very much in evidence this year, but, being natives and 
biennials, they only showed up on breaking, summer-fallows, or in crops sown on 
stubble. Our farmers are now understanding the nature of the different kinds of weeds, 
and will in future control this kind by late fall or spring cultivation.’ 
GREEN Tansy Mustarp (Sisymbrium inziswm, Englm., var. filipes, Gray).—Some- 
what like the last, but of a bright yellowish-green colour, and without the hoary pubes- 
cence, the branches, instead of being close together, spread loosely and form an open 
head, the seed pods also are borne on slender spreading foot-stalks, and the leaves are 
much more finely divided. A character which makes this a more dangerous weed than 
the last, although as yet it is the rarer of the two, is that the seeds ripen very much 
earlier, so that there is more danger of the ripe seed being ploughed in when land is 
summer-fallowed. 
Gotpen Foumirory (Corydalis awrea, Willd.).—<An occasional weed in Manitoba is 
this biennial fumitory. While in the East, where it is rather an uncommon plant on 
rocky banks, the stems seldom exceed 6 inches in length, in the Manitoban wheat fields 
patches from 2 to 3 feet across are not uncommon, and instances have been reported to 
me frequently of several acres of crop being choked out by it. 
Tarry Cockte (Silene antirrhina, L.).—A plant which could hardly have been 
suspected of ever developing into an agricultural pest is the slender-stemmed member 
of the Pink Family, to which the name of Tarry Cockle has been given. This is a 
plant with an upright stem bearing (in the West) many erect branches, each joint of 
which has a dark brown sticky patch to which dust and insects adhere. I have seen 
this occurring in some quantity at different places, and specimens are frequently sent 
in by farmers for name. Last summer Mr. Braithwaite found large patches of it in 
crops at Blythe, south of Brandon, in Manitoba, and the Rev. W. A. Burman saw at 
least 400 acres near Carberry so infested that the weed had almost crowded out all the 
wheat. 
THREE-FLOWERED NIGHTSHADE (Solanum triflorum, L.).—Called also Wild Toma- 
to. A native annual plant with deeply indented leaves, and the whitish flowers in 
umbel-like, three-flowered cluster, followed by green or purplish berries, about as large 
as small cherries ; the whole plant has a musky odour, pleasant at first but afterwards 
very nauseous. This weed is a coarse decumbent. herb forming patches 2 or 3 feet across, 
and is frequently troublesome in gardens and around the edges of fields. 
