28 MARINE AND FISHERIES 



5 GEORGE v., A. 1915 



east end of Georgian Bay. Since the eel spawns in the sea, and the Falls of Niagara 

 offer an insuperable obstacle to the ascent of the young, such specimens as are 

 taken in the upper lakes must be chance specimens that gain access through the 

 canals. 



Family salmonidae. 

 (Whitefishes and trout) 



This important family is represented in the southern part of Georgian Bay by 

 at least three genera and five species. On the north shore an additional species is 

 represented by the Manitoulin tullibee, recently described by Jordan and Ever- 

 mann ('09) as Leucichthys manitoulinus, and the streams of the south and west 

 shores contain the speckled trout {Salvelinus fontinalis) . The latter fish also occurs 

 in various lakes and streams inland from the eastern shore of Georgian Bay, in- 

 cluding the streams entering Muskoka Lake. It does not appear to occur in any 

 of the streams belonging to the Musquash River system. Speckled trout are said 

 to have been taken occasionally in Georgian Bay, but such specimens were in all 

 probability stragglers from the streams. 



The three, characteristic genera are separable as follows: 



Salmoninae : 



a. Mouth deeply cleft, as usual in fishes, the articulation of the lower jaw posterior 

 to the eye. Jaws with sharp teeth Cristivomer. 



aa. Mouth not deeply cleft, the articulation of the lower jaw below or in front of the 

 eye. Jaws weak and toothless. 



Coregoninae: 



b. Mouth very small and inferior, the snout projecting beyond it Coregonus 



bb. Mouth somewhat larger, terminal Leucichthys. 



Genus Cristivomer. 



Cristivomer namaycush, Walbaum. 



(Lake trout) 



Usually taken by commercial fishermen in pound-nets or gill-nets, especially 

 the latter. Some are taken in the summer by deep trolling, but the fish is only taken 

 in numbers by trolling when rising to the shoals preparatory to spawning in the 

 fall. In Muskoka Lake the fish also appear on the surface in May. 



The general run of fish taken by the commercial fishermen are between 2 and 

 8 lbs. Very small fish, however, which would otherwise go through the nets, are 

 sometimes captured, being entangled in the thin twine of the gill-nets by the teeth 

 and fins. The same is true of large specimens, individuals of 20 lbs. or over, and too 

 large to gill, being frequently taken in this way. 



