Birds of Indiana. 553 



F. Order PALUDICOL^^]. 



THE SWAMP BIRDS-CRANES, RAILS, COOTS, Etc. 



a'. Size large; wingover 10 inches ; bill over. '5 inches. Grvivjr. — Cranes. XV 

 «^. Size small ; wing under 10 inches; bill under 3 inches. 



RallidvK. — Rails, Etc. XVI 



G. Order LIMICOL.^. 



THE SHORE BIRDS-SNIPES, PLOVERS, SANDPIPERS, Etc. 



a'. Toes with lobed webs on the sides; tarsus compressed. 



PhALAROPODIDtK. — Ph ALAR0I'E.S. XVII 

 a^. Toes without lobed webs on the sides; tarsus not extremely compressed. 

 6', Tarsus more than twice the length of middle toe with claw. 



Recurvikostrid/k. -Avocets, Etc. XVIII 

 />-. Tarsus less than twice the length of middle toe with claw. 



c'. Front of tarsus covered willi a continuous row of transverse, four-sided 

 scales. Toes four (except Sanderling). 

 (V. Bill slender with blunt tip, soft skinned and sensitive throughout. 



ScoLOPACiDvE. — Snipe, Etc. XIX 

 c^. Front of tarsus covered with small six-sided or irregular scales; toes 

 three (except Black-bellied Plover). Charadriid^. — Plovers. XXI 

 fP. Bill stout, hard, pointed and wedge shaped at the tip in our species. 



Aphrizid.i:. Surf Birds, Etc. XX 



H. Order GALLIN^E. 



PHEASANTS, GROUSE, PARTRIDGES, Etc. 

 a'. Tarsus with spurs in male ; head naked or tail long and vaulted. 



PnASIANIDyE. — PHEASANTS, Etc. XXI II 



a'^. Tarsus without s[)urs; head feathered (or nearly so) ; tail not vaulted. 



Tetraonid.e. — (iRoosE, Etc. XXII 



I. Order iVhVMBJE. 



THE PIGEONS. 

 Characters same as the order. CoLUMBrD.i:. — Pkjeons. XXIV 



J. Order RAPT0RE8. 



BIRDS OF PREY. 



a'. Head entirely naked (downy in young); feet not adapted for grasping; nostril 

 longitudinal. Cathartidtk. — American Vultures. XXV 



a^. Head nearly or fully feathered ; feet especially adapted for grasping; nostrils 

 vertical or roundish. 



