5;»s Eepoet of State Geologist. 



Length, about 20.U0-31.50; wing, 10.35-11.50; culmen, 2.00-2.35; 

 tarsus, 1.50-1.80. 



Eange. — Eastern North America, west to Mississippi Valley, north 

 to Labrador, breeding southward to the northern parts of the LTnited 

 States, northern Illinois and Iowa. Winters south to Greater Antilles. 



Nest, usually on ground. J^ggs, 6-12; bull' or greenish buff'; 2.30 

 by 1.70. 



Not common migrant; occasional winter and rare summer resident. 



This is an eastern species which reaches in Indiana, almost the 

 western limit of its range. It has been noted by Mr. J. G. Parker, Jr., 

 at Kouts, Ind., December 10, 1896. Mr. Ruthven Deane reported 

 it from English Lake, February 14 and 15, 1891. The greatest num- 

 bers are reported in March, while migrating. It is rare in Franklin 

 County, and has been reported in the following counties: Carroll 

 (Prof. B. W. Evermann); Lake (Meyer, Parker, Aiken); Starke (Dury, 

 Deane): Laporte (J. W. Byrkit); Allen (C A. Stockbridge); Dekalb 

 (Mrs. J. D. Hine); Putnam (J. F. Clearwaters); Decatur (Prof. W. P. 

 Shannon); Kouts (J. Q. Parker, Jr.); Wabash (Ulrey and Wallace). 



Mr. Parker has found them at Kouts on the Kankakee River, appa- 

 rently paired, April 15, 1892, and Mr. Deane noted a pair in the 

 marsh at English Lake as late as May 10, 1891. They are usually 

 paired by the latter part of March. While I have no account of its 

 breeding in Indiana, I have no doubt it will be found to do so. Mr. 

 E. W. Nelson found one or two pairs nesting on the Calumet marshes 

 (Birds of Northeastern Illinois, p. 159). Mr. L. T. Meyer says it prob- 

 ably breeds in I^ake County, and Mrs. Jane L. Hine reports it a sum- 

 mer resident in Dekalb County. 



30. (135.) Anas strepera Linn. 



Gadwall. 



Adult Male. — Head and neck pale brownish or whitish, thickly 

 speckled with black; top of head sometimes plain light brown; crop 

 varied with crescentic bars of white and black, the latter predominat- 

 ing; sides, back, and scapulars finely undulated -wath slate color and 

 white; middle wing coverts, chestnut; greater coverts, black; speculum, 

 white; crissum and upper tail coverts, velvety black. 



Adult Male in Breeding Season. — Similar to the winter male, but 

 colors duller; crown dusky; rump and breast tinged with rusty, and 

 under parts more spotted with dusky. Adult Female. — Colors chiefly 

 br()^^•nish dusky and brownish white, in longitudinal streaks on hea<l 



