BiKDS OF Indiana. 625 



It breeds from loM^a northward throughout Manitoba to the Alaskan 

 coast. 



This duck is well known to sportsmen as a diver. Often it escapes 

 by diving rather than by flying. 



22. (iKNus CLANGULA Leach. 



a'. P'eathers at base of bill reaching farthest forward on the forehead. 



C. hyemalis (Linn.). 47 



47. (154). Clangula hyemalis (Linn.). 



Old Squaw. 

 Synonyms, Old Wife, South Southerly, Long-tailed Duck. 



Adult Male in Winter. — Sides of head light smoke gray; the eyelids 

 and rest of head and neck, upper part of chest and upper back, white; 

 a dusky patch on each side of neck; breast and most of upper parts 

 black; the scapulars pale pearl-gray or grayish- white; lower parts 

 white, the sides tinged with pearl-gray. Adult Male in Summer. — 

 Fore part of head pale grayish; eyelids and space behind eye white; 

 rest of head and neck, with upper parts generally, sooty blackish, or 

 dark sooty brown; the upper back varied with fulvous and scapulars 

 edged with same; breast and upper belly dark sooty ^grayish; remaining 

 lower parts white, shaded on sides with pale pearl-gray. Adult Female 

 in Wi)iter. — Head, neck, and lower parts chiefly white; top of head 

 dusky; chest grayish; upper parts dusky brown, the scapulars bordered 

 with light brownish, sometimes tipped with grayish. Adult Female in 

 Summer. — Head and neck, dark grayish-brown, with a whitish space 

 surrounding the eye, and another on each side of neck; otherwise 

 much as in the winter plumage, but scapulars chiefly light brown or 

 fulvous, with dusky centers. 



Length (of male), 20.75-23.00; wing, 8.50-9.00; middle tail feathers, 

 8.00-8.50; bill, 1.10; the female smaller (about 15.00-16.00 long), with 

 middle tail feathers not conspicuously lengthened. 



Eange. — Northern Hemisphere. In ISTorth America, south to the 

 Potomac and the Ohio (more rarely to Florida and Texas) and Cali- 

 fornia; breeds far northward. 



Nest, on margins of lakes or ponds, among grass or bushes. Fggs, 

 6-12; drab, shaded with green; 2.05 by 1.49. 



Very common winter resident on Lake Michigan. Away from that 

 lake it is an exceedingly rare winter visitor, although it has been re- 

 ported from a number of localities throughout the State. 

 40 -Geol. 



