696 Report of State Geologist. 



C-. Thigh naked below; three outer primaries not very narrow. 



Gallixago. 4t) 

 /)-. Eyes not far back, considerably before the ears; tiji of upper mandible thin ; 

 summer and winter plumage different. Subfamily TrinCtES\e. 

 (/'.Toes 3. Cahdris. ">1 



d-. Toes 4. 



e\ Toes not webbed. 



/^. Bill not shorter tliau middle toe with claw; inner webs of quills not 



mottled. Tringa. 4.' 



f^. Bill shorter than middle toe with claw; inner webs of quills mui- 



tled. Teyngites. ""! 



e-. Toes more or less webbed at base. 



(/^. Tail more tlian half tlie length of the wing. Bartramia. 

 c/-. Tail not more than half the length of the wing. 

 h^. Tail longer tiian bill from frontal feathers. 



i^. Wing less than 4 inches long. Ereunetes. "^o 



i^. Wing not less than 4 inches long. 

 j^. Bill narrower at tip; upper surface hard and smooth. 

 k^. Exposed culmen less than one-fifth as long as wing. 



Pavonoella. 

 k'-. Exposed culmen more than one-lifth as long as wing. 

 P. Wing less than 4.50 inches long. Actitis. 'C 



/'-. Wing over 4.50 inclies long. 



m^. Bill slender; legs dusky or yellow. ToTANUS. '>:'> 



m-. Bill stout; legs bluish. Symphemia. TvI 



j"^. Bill slightly widened at tip j upper surface slightly 



wrinkled or pitted. Micropalama. 4> 



/i^. Tail shorter than bill. 



?i'. Tip of both mandibles with a groove in middle 

 and also pitted and wrinkled. 



Macrorhamphts. 47 

 n'-. Tip of both mandibles not grooved, smooth. 



LiMOSA. "V-l 

 45. Genus PniLOHELA Gray. 



88. (228). Philohela minor (Gmel.). 



American "Woodcock. 



Occiput, with thin, transverse bands of black alternating with thiu. 

 narrower ones of yellowish; rusty above, variegated and harmoniously- 

 blended black, brown, gray and russet; three outer primaries very nar- 

 row and stiff; below, pale warm brown of variable shade. 



Length, 10.50-11.75; wing, 4.80-5.70; bill, 2.50 to nearly 3.00; tar- 

 sus, 1.25. 



Range. — Eastern provinces of North America, north to Labrador. 

 Manitoba and York Factory; west to Nebraska and Dakota. Breeds 

 throughout its range. Winters from Indiana and Virginia southward. 



Nest, on ground in woods or thicket, of leaves. Eggs, 4; buffy, 

 spotted with rusty brown and purplish-gray; 1.51 by 1.14. 



1 



