Birds of Indiana. 1033 



placed above the ground. In Ohio, Dr. Wheaton records its breeding 

 in the vicinity of Columbus. In that State it prefers swampy places 

 and nests on the ground, frequently under the broad leaf of the skunk 

 cabbage" (B. of 0., p. 243). 



259. (645). Helminthophila ruficapilla (Wils.). 



Nashville Warbler. 



Adult Male. — Above, plain olive-green; head and sides of neck, 

 grayish; a white ring around the eye; crown, with a concealed chestnut 

 patch; under parts, bright yellow, whitening on the middle of the 

 belly; wings and tail without white. Adult Female and Immature. — 

 Similar, but colors duller; chestnut on crown, less distinct or want- 

 ing. 



Length, 4.20-5.00; wing, 2.30-2.45; tail, 1.85-1.90. 



Eange. — Eastern North America, from Guatemala north to Labra- 

 dor and Hudson Bay region (Cumberland House), west to Kocky 

 Mountains. Breeds from northern Illinois and Connecticut north. 

 Winters in Mexico and Central America. 



Nest, in open woods that generally are wet; on ground, in tuft of 

 grass, depression at base of tree or bush; of grass and moss, sometimes 

 pine needles, lined with hair or fine roots. FJggs, 4, sometimes 3 and 

 5; white or creamy- white, speckled with gray, cinnamon, hazel, vina- 

 ceous or lilac (reddish-brown, Davie); .59 by .48. 



The Nashville Warbler is usually rather a rare migrant. At times, 

 however, it is common in one locality or another. Dr. Brayton says, 

 upon the authority of Mr. Nelson, it is a "very common migrant in 

 Lake County and also a rare resident" (Birds of Ind., p. 103). It was 

 rather common in Franklin County May 5-11, 1882; also in 1885. 

 Prof. Evermann found it common in Carroll County, May 4-7, 1885. 

 Mr. Alden M. Hadley reports it abimdant in Wayne County, April 

 24 to May 10, 1897. In Monroe County it was. rather common, April 

 27 to May 1, 1886 (Evermann, Blatchley). Mr. 0. W. Wallace says it 

 has been very abundant at times at Wabash, arriving as early as April 

 28. Mr. C. E. Aiken informs me it was not rare in Lake County in 

 1871, and Mrs. Hine says it was very common in Dekalb County the 

 spring of 1889. About Chicago they are reported as rare migrants. 

 I have but one record from there in recent years. They arrive some 

 springs in southern Indiana by April 15, and in the extreme northern 

 part of the State by April 29. I do not know that in late years it has 

 been observed within the State after May 11 (1885), though it some- 

 times lingers in southern Michigan until May 25. The earliest first 



