10o8 Report of State Geologist. 



and in Lake County, Ind., September 18, 1881, and October 3, 1875. 

 In Wayne County, Michigan, they were last noted August 30, 1894. 



They are said to eat canker-worms, flies, ants, caterpillars, tipulids, 

 beetles, plant lice and grasshoppers. 



271. (660). Dendroica castanea (Wils.). 



Bay-breasted Warbler. 



AditU Male. — Above, ashy-olive, thickly strealced with black; crown, 

 chestnut-red; forehead and sides of head, black; wing bars, white; 

 outer tail feathers with white patches at the tips; below, throat and 

 breast chestnut-brown, lighter than the crown; rest of lower parts, 

 buffy- white. Adult Female. — Above, olive, streaked with black, with 

 less chestnut on the crown; below, with the chestnut fainter, some- 

 times only traces of it. Immature. — Above, light olive-green, mare 

 or less streaked with black; wings and tail marked much as in the 

 adult; below, whitish, tinged with buffy; under tail coverts, with buffy 

 tinge; sides of breast not streaked. Closely resembles immature of 

 D. striata, which see. 



Length, 5.00-6.00; ^dng, 3.75-3.00; tail, 2.15-2.25. 



Eange. — America, from Colombia north to eastern ISTorth America, 

 Hudson Bay and Labrador; west to Iowa and Missouri. Breeds from 

 northern Michigan and Maine, north. 



Nest, in coniferous trees, in low woods, 5 to 20 feet up; of evergreen 

 twigs, grass and lichens, lined with feathei-s and hair. Fggs, i; bluish- 

 green or bluish-white, spotted with brown, sometimes forming wreath 

 about large end; .70 by .50. 



The Bay-breasted Warbler is usually a very rare migrant in spring 

 and is much more common in fall. Some springs it is wanting en- 

 tirely, and many times, when present, but a single or, at most, a very 

 fcAV individuals will be seen in comparison with the numbers of other 

 species that prefer the same woods. They arrive a little later than 

 the Chestnut-sided. These two Warblers are always associated in my 

 mind becatise the first specimen of each I shot were taken almost at the 

 same hour, one spring morning, when almost all birds were new to 

 me. They were new discoveries to a boy, to whom the high branches 

 above became filled with flitting win^s and a repetition of t-sep notes 

 that plainly told of a world among the treetops, peopled by beautiful 

 forms, unknown to the common run of mankind, who, though they 

 have eyes and ears, neither see nor hear the inhabitants of that land. 

 Their sight has not been quickened to see the unseen, nor their ears 

 attuned to nature's harmony. She speaks not to them, because they 



