HISTOBY) OFAED/‘ROPE. 
secondary power, no longer able 
to cope with France, or “of con- 
sequence enough to interfere in 
the continental relations of Europe. 
From the first establishment of 
her republic, France had followed 
closely the maxim of the ancient 
Romans, who only gave peace to 
those nations they were willing to 
receive as dependant tributaries. 
Spain was not the only nation that 
descended from its elevated sphere, 
and became degraded into insig- 
nificance, by a specious peace. 
TheGerman empire, which had been 
shaken to its centre by the disas- 
trous events of the war, was still 
a greater sufferer by the short and 
deceitful pacification which ensued. 
By the treaty of Luneville,, 
the independence and freedom 
of Switzerland, Holland, and 
the Italian republic, were guarded 
by the most solemn engagements ; 
but in the short interval of suspend- 
ed warfare which succeeded, Bona- 
parte, so far from respecting those 
stipulations, established his doii- 
nion but the more firmly over 
those countries, in violation of the 
faith he had pledged to them. and 
to all Europe. 
ded ‘in the same treaty, that the 
brother of the emperor Francis, the 
grand duke, should be fully indem- 
nified in Germany, for lis immense 
losses in Italy. This stipulation, 
although most immediately affect- 
ing the personal honor and feelings 
of the emperor, was most shame- 
fully. evaded. Bonaparte, well 
aware of the great dilficulties that 
the jarring interests of the different 
German powers would throw in 
the way of that plan of indemuities 
and compensations, on which. the 
treaty of -Luneville was founded, 
319 , 
had the address to prevail upon 
the pacific disposition of the em- 
peror of Russia, to co-operate with 
him in settling the affairs of Ger- 
many. The court of St. Peters- 
burgh, anxiously desirous of heal- 
ing the. wounds of Germany, and 
induced by the hope of restoring 
the different nations of Luroze to 
permanent tranguillity, and the 
quiet enjoyment of their independ- 
ence, allowed itself for a season 
unwittingly to enter into the views 
and projects of the wily Corsican. 
Opposed to such mighty powers as 
France and Russia, the German 
nation was necessitated to patieat 
acquiescence, and with scarcely an 
exception, every point that was pro- 
posed at Ratisbon, by the French and 
tussian ministers conjunctively, was 
ratified by the diet. One solitary 
instance of successful opposition to 
the determinations of those powers 
however occurred. Originally, no- 
thing equivelant to his claims was 
proposed to be given to the archduke 
Ferdinand for the loss of Tuscany ; 
But the emperor of Germany had 
the spirit to protest so often and so 
strongly against this manifest viola- 
It had been provi-~ tion of the treaty of Luneville, 
that France and Russia at length 
consented that the bishoprick of 
Eichstadt should be added to his 
brother’s compensations, This e- 
vent is principally remarkable, as it 
is the only stand which Austria has 
attempted to make against the over-~ 
_ bearing influence of France in Ger- 
many, since the cessation of hose 
tilities. 
The question of the indemnities 
however haying been thus disposed 
of, the relative situation of Austria 
to France at the termination of 
a. year of peace, was materially 
: deteriorated ; 
X 
