USEFUL PROJECTS. 
quence of the proposed system. A 
shed or hovel for the cow cannot 
occasion any very heavy charge, 
and a small barn, of the simplest 
and cheapest construétion, may be 
of use, not only for threshing 
the crop, but also for securing the 
hay, and making it to more advan- 
tage, in case the season should 
prove unfavourable ; if the corn is 
put up in small stacks, the barn 
may be made of very moderate di- 
mensions. 
9. Rent and Balance of Income. 
The rents of cottages, and of 
land, vary so much in different 
parts of the kingdom, that it is dif- 
ficult to ascertain an average. But 
if the cottage shall be stated at 3]. 
per annum, the land at 25s. per 
acre, and the orchard at 10s. the 
whole will not exceed 71. 15s. The 
cottager will also be liable to the 
payment of some taxes, say to the 
‘amount of 1]. 5s. more. Hence the 
total deduétions would be about 91. 
leaving a balance in favour of the 
cottager of 371. 9s. 6d. Consider- 
ing the cheap rate at which he is 
furnished with a quantity of pota- 
toes, equal to several month’s con- 
sumption, and with milk for his 
children, surely, with that balance, 
he can find {no difficulty, not only 
in maintaining himself and family in. 
a style of comfort, but also in plac- 
ing out his children properly, and 
Jaying up a small annual surplus, 
that will render any parish assist- 
‘ance, whether in sickness or old 
‘age; unnecessary ; and thus he will 
be enabled to preserve that manly 
and independent Spirit, which it so 
well becomes a British cottager to 
possess.* ; 
~Inable body of people. 
856 
Corclusion—Advaniages of the pro- 
posed System, 
I shall now endeavour briefly to 
explain some of the advantages 
which may be looked for with con- 
fidence, from the proposed system. 
In the first place, the land pos- 
sessed by the cottager would be 
completely cultivated, and rendered 
as productive as possible. The dung 
produced by the cow, the pigs, &c. 
would be amply suflicient for the 
three roods under turnips and po- 
tatoes, which would afterwards pro~ 
duce, 1. tares, 2. barley, and 3, 
clover ; with a mixture of rye grass, 
in regular succession, without any 
additional manure. ‘The barley 
should yield, at least, 18 bushels, 
besides 3 bushels for seed ; and if 
wheat or oats are cultivated, in the 
same proportion, ‘The milk, de- 
duéting what may be necessary for 
the calf, and. for the cottager’s. fa- 
mily, might be sold in its original 
state, if there shall be a market for 
it, or conyerted into butter for the 
_purpose of supplying the neighbour- 
ing towns or villages. Such cot- 
tager also might certainly send to 
market both poultry and eggs. 
2. It is hardly possible to suggest 
a measure more likely to. promote 
the benefit of a numerous and va- 
The system 
of keeping cows by cottagers, which 
has been found so advantageous in 
the grazing distriéts, may thus be 
extended over the whole kingdom 5 
and, indeed, if’ the above plan is 
found to answer, in place of four 
or five acres employed in feeding a 
single cow, it would be much bet- 
ter, even in the grazing counties, to 
restriét the land to a smaller quan- 
tity, under a tillage mode of -ma- 
nagement ; 
- * The-different-expence of fuel, in the various districts, will, it is evident, 
greatly affect the annual surplus, 
314 
