6 



against the Codling Moth. Caution must be used in applying them on 

 account of the liability of burning or scalding the foliage. 



The poisons should be thoroughly mixed with water at the rate of 

 from 1 pound to 100 — 250 gallons water, and applied with a force 

 pump or hand spray nozzle. In preparing the wash it will be best to 

 first mix the poison with a small quantity of water, making a thick 

 batter, and then dilute the latter and add to the reservoir or spray 

 tank, mixing the whole thoroughly. When freshly mixed, either 

 London purple or Paris green may be applied to Apple, Plum, and 

 other fruit trees, except the Peach, at the rate of 1 pound to 150 — 

 200 gallons, the latter amount being recommended for the Plum, 

 which is somewhat more susceptible to scalding than the Apple. 

 White arsenic does little if any injury at the rate of 1 pound to 50 

 gallons of water. As shown. by Mr. Gillette, however, when allowed 

 to remain for some time (2 weeks or more) in water, the white arsenic 

 acts with wonderful energy, scalding when used at the rate of 1 

 pound to 100 gallons from 10 to 90 per cent, of the foliage; the action 

 of the other arsenites remains practically the same, with, perhaps, a 

 slight increase in the case of London purple. 



With the Peach these poisons, when applied alone, even at the rate 

 of 1 pound to 300 or more gallons of water, are injurious in their 

 action, causing the loss of much of the foliage. 



By the addition of a little lime to the mixture, London purple and 

 Paris green may be safely applied, at the rate of 1 pound to 125 to 150 

 gallons of water, to the Peach or the tenderest foliage, or in much 

 greater strength to strong foliage, such as that of the Apple or most 

 shade trees. 



W Tienever, therefore, the application is made to tender foliage or 

 when the treating with a strong mixture is desirable, lime water, 

 milky T but not heavy enough to close the nozzle, should be added at 

 the rate of about 2 gallons to 100 gallons of the poison. 



Pure arsenic, however, should never be used with lime, as the latter 

 greatly increases its action. 



With the Apple, in spraying for the Codling Moth, at least two 

 applications should be made — the first on the falling of the blossoms 

 the apples being about the size of peas, and the second a week or 10 

 days later; but the poison should never be applied after the fruit 

 turns down on the stem, on account of the danger of the poison col- 

 lecting and remaining permanently in the stem cavity. 



For the Plum Curculio on the Plum, Cherry, Peach, etc., two or 

 three applications should be made during the latter part of May and 

 the first half of June; in the case of most leaf -feeders, spray on the 

 first indication of their presence. 



CAUTION NECESSARY IX THE USE OF THESE INSECTICIDES. 



The relative susceptibility of Apple, Plum, and Peach has just been 

 indicated under the head of arsenical poisons, and these remarks apply 



