SCIENTIFIC TRANSACTIONS 
OF THE 
Ore ke UB biiN) SOC Ter y.. 
VOLUME VI. 
1 
ON PITHECANTHROPUS ERECTUS: A TRANSITIONAL FORM BETWEEN 
MAN AND THE APES. By DR. EUGENE DUBOIS. 
[Read Novemper 20, 1895. ] 
In speaking of the remains, which are the subject of this Paper, I think the best 
way for me to take will be, first, to give an account of the circumstances attending 
the discovery, and further, to treat of the principal interpretations which have 
been given of them, including my own considerations.* 
By order of the Netherlands Indian Government I conducted in Java, from 
1890 to 1895, explorations for a fossil vertebrate fauna, of which already some 
remains had been discovered, many years ago, by Junghuhn and others, and later 
extensively described by Professor K. Martin, of Leiden. I found a very large 
quantity of remains of mammals and reptiles, for the most part derived from 
extinct species, which show, as might be expected, an unmistakable relation to 
the later Tertiary and Pleistocene faune of India. 
The chief localities of these finds are in the southern slope of a range of low 
hills, the Kendengs, which extends between the residences Kediri, Madiun, and 
Surakarta on one side, and Rembang and Samarang on the other, in a length of 
about 60 miles. The area in which these vertebrate remains are abundantly found, 
*The chief substance of this Paper was contained already in a discourse which I delivered in 
Leiden in a session of the Second Section of the Third International Zoological Congress, on the 21st 
September, 1895. 
TRANS. ROY. DUB. SOC., N.S, VOL. VI,, PART I, B 
