74 Drxon— On the Development of the Branches of the Fifth Cranial Nerve in Man. 
Figure 
9. Drawing of a reconstruction to illustrate the chief branches of the fifth cranial nerve in F.M. This 
drawing corresponds to a sagittal section through the head, 1-6 mm. in thickness, x 12°5 diameters, 
seen from the outside. The large Gasserian ganglion is seen lying in front of the pons and behind 
the eyeball. The nasal and frontal branches of the ophthalmic are seen in their proximal parts, but 
the lachrymal nerve is not indicated. Only the main trunk and terminal branches of the superior 
maxillary nerve are shown. The different branches of the inferior maxillary are seen grouped 
round Meckel’s cartilage. Passing along the outer side of the cartilage, near its upper border, is 
the inferior dental nerve, the mylo-hyoid branch of which passes downwards on the outer side of 
the cartilage. The auriculo-temporal nerve also passes downwards on the outer side of the 
cartilage, but as it does so, it lies a considerable distance behind the mylo-hyoid nerve. The 
lingual nerve is seen in only a very short part of its course, since it almost immediately passes 
downwards and forwards to the inner side of Meckel’s cartilage, which hides it from view. The 
long buccal lies at a higher level than the other branches of the inferior maxillary nerve. The 
long slender chorda tympani is seen passing upwards from the facial nerve, to join the lingual, 
just as the latter disappears on the inner side of Meckel’s cartilage. 
10. Drawing of a reconstruction to illustrate the chief branches of the fifth nerve, in embryo F.M., and 
also the positions of the smaller ganglia (except the ciliary) connected with the fifth nerve. 
This drawing corresponds to a sagital section through the head, 0°6 mm. in thickness, x 12°5 
diameters, seen from the inner side. The motor root of the fifth nerve is seen passing downwards 
and forwards, across the posterior part of the inner aspect of the Gasserian ganglion, to join the 
inferior maxillary nerve. The proximal parts of the nasal and frontal nerves are seen passing 
upwards and forwards, the frontal lying at a higher level than the nasal. Only the chief 
branches of the superior and inferior maxillary nerves are indicated. Meckel’s ganglion lies 
to the inner side of, and at a slightly lower level than, the superior maxillary nerve. 
Reaching the posterior part of the ganglion we see the Vidian nerve, which, in its course, crosses 
the outer side of the earotid artery, and lies close to the inner side of the otic ganglion. The otic 
ganglion is placed to the inner side of the inferior maxillary nerve, and is joined below by a 
slender branch from the petrous ganglion of the glosso-pharyngeal. This connecting nerve is seen 
passing up in the same interval as the carotid artery, between the Eustachian tube and the 
periotic capsule. The relations of the lingual, inferior dental, and mylo-hyoid nerves to Meckel’s 
cartilage are brought out, but only a very small portion of the submaxillary ganglion is indicated. 
The ganglia of the glosso-pharyngeal and pneumogastric nerves are shown, as is also a small 
portion of the ganglion of the eighth nerve in connection with the internal ear. 
11. Drawing of a reconstruction illustrating the Gasserian ganglia and the superior maxillary nerves in 
embryo Br,. This drawing corresponds to a horizontal section, 0°28 mm. in thickness, x 25 
diameters, seen from above. The pons is seen cut transversely, and taking origin from it, on 
either side, we have the sensory roots of the fifth nerve. The large Gasserian ganglia, at the 
level of the superior maxillary nerves, are oval in horizontal section, The superior maxillary 
nerves are stout, and run nearly horizontally forwards. The roof of the primitive mouth-cavity 
is seen deep down in the section, and passing down towards it we have the infundibulum, while 
coming up from it is the pituitary invagination. 
12. Drawing of a reconstruction to illustrate the superior maxillary nerve in embryo Ru. This drawing 
corresponds to a portion of a horizontal section through the head, 0:25 mm. in thickness, x 25 
diameters, seen from above. The large Gasserian ganglion and the roots of the fifth nerve are 
seen in section. The fibres of the motor root are cut transversely. From the Gasserian ganglion 
the superior maxillary nerve passes horizontally forwards, its fibres spreading out as it comes 
forwards. The terminal parts of the sixth and third nerves are shown. ‘The dotted line 
indicates the outline of the roof of the primitive mouth-cavity. 
