J. EK. Durerpen—Jamaiean Actiniaria: Part I.—Zoanthee. 335 
the three Torres Straits species, described by Haddon and Shackleton (1891), 
compared with those of the West Indies. In all these latter, the proportion of 
the two parts differs much, the lower or proximal being several times larger 
than the upper or distal; in the former, very little distinction in size is met 
with. In Z. Coppinger, the proximal (7.e. upper in figure, which would be lower 
or proximal in the extended condition of the polyp) is even slightly shorter than 
the distal; while in Z. Jukesii and Z. Macgillivray’, the proximal is but slightly 
longer. Further, the muscle as a whole is much less developed than in the 
Antillean examples. 
In partial contraction, a deep circular depression denotes externally the place 
of division between the two portions of the sphincter muscle. I use the term 
‘capitular fossa’ for this, and speak of the two parts as the inner and outer capitula. 
The genus Zoanthus, so far as I have observed it in the abundance occurring 
in Kingston Harbour and the Port Royal Cays, appears restricted in its 
distribution to a narrow belt of shallow water around the shores. It contrasts 
very markedly, not only in colour and firmness, but in its distribution with the 
equally abundant genus Palythoa. Colonies of the latter commence where the 
former begins to disappear, being most vigorous in the upper region of the 
breakers around the reefs. On the windward, more rocky side of the Cays, a 
distinct Zoanthus zone can be distinguished from the Palythoa zone; the 
former extends to a depth of one or two fathoms, and the latter to three or 
four fathoms, and gives place in its turn to the zone of living coral. 
Zoanthus Solanderi, Lesueur. 
(Pl. xvu.a, fig. 1.) 
Zounthus Solandri, ; : 7 Wesueur, 1St%p. 177, pl. vile, fie. 1 
Zoanthus dubia, . ‘ : . Lesueur, 1817, p. 177. 
Zoanthus Solanderi,  . : . Muilne-Edwards, 1857, p. 300, pl. ¢2, fig. 3. 
Zoanthus dubius, . : : . Milne-Edwards, 1857, p. 300. 
Zoanthus Solanderi,  . : . Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1860, p. 325, 
pl. vin., fig. 1; 1866, p. 135. 
Zoanthus dubius, . : . Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1860, p. 326, 
pl. vu, fig. 2; 1866, p. 135. 
Zoanthus (Rhyzanthus) Solanderti, Andres, 1883, p. 327. 
Zoanthus (Rhyzanthus) dubius, . Andres, 1883, p. 329. 
Form.—Polyps erect, cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled with lines of attachment 
of mesenteries showing through, connected with one another at the base by 
lamellar narrow coenenchyme or free stolons, or may be solitary. Column usually 
