402 Hapvpon—The Actiniaria of Torres Straits. 
~~ 
branching ectodermal canals, or by scattered groups of cells. The body-wall is 
usually incrusted with foreign particles. Tentacles simple, marginal. The 
polyps are fixed and generally grouped in colonies connected by a ccenosarc ; 
the ccelenteron of each polyp communicating with that of the other members of 
the colony by means of basal endodermal canals. 
Family.—Zoanrmipm®, Dana, 1846 (with the definition of the Tribe). 
Sub-family.—Bracuycnemin®, Hadd. and Shackl., 1891, p. 626. 
Zoanthez in which the sulear element of the primitive sulco-lateral pair of 
mesenteries (cnemes) is imperfect. 
ZOANTHUS, Lamarck, 1801, 
Brachyenemie Zoanthez with a double mesogleeal sphincter muscle. The 
body-wall is unincrusted ; the ectoderm is usually discontinuous ; a well-developed 
ectodermal canal system in the mesogloea. Dicecious or moncecious. Polyps con- 
nected by a thin ccenosare. 
Zoanthus Coppingeri, H. & S. 
Zoanthus Coppinger’, Hadd. and Shackl., 1891; Trans. R. D. 8. (2) 1v., p. 676; 
Pl. 1x1, fie, 1l—2' Pl ixn., fig.-1; Pl. uxiy., figs 
Saville-Kent, ‘‘The Great Barrier Reef of Australia,” 
1893, p. 152,; chromo pl. ii1., fig. 11. 
Form.—Body smooth, pyriform when contracted, rather elongated when ex- 
panded. Polyps in clusters, the buds springing from the base of the polyps 
themselves; coenosare thin, incrusting. 
Colour.—Pinkish below, greenish or bright green above, sometimes entirely 
pinkish, always with brown streak-like spots; disk burnt-sienna, with darker 
spots; rim of mouth brown; tentacles grey, with a single row of black spots; 
there is a black spot between each tentacle, each of which is continued as a black 
line on the capitulum. (Disk, various shades of green, dull or brilliant ; tentacles, 
rich brown.—+.-K.) 
Dimensions.—Height of contracted specimen 15mm.; diameter of upper 
portion 5 mm. 
Locality.—F ringing reef, Mabuiag. 
